<p>The Plummer-Motz School, formerly Falmouth High School, is a former school building at 192 Middle Road in Falmouth, Maine. Built in the 1930s, it was the town&#39;s first high school, serving as first a high school, and later as a junior high school and elementary school, until its closure in 2011. The building is being converted to residential use.</p><br>
<h2>Description and history</h2><br>
<p>The former Plummer-Motz Schools is located south of Falmouth&#39;s town center, at the southwest corner of Middle and Lunt Roads. The Plummer School building, originally the high school, is the more northerly part of the complex. It is a two story Colonial Revival masonry building, with a central portion flanked by projecting wings. It is covered by a dormered gambrel roof with shingled ends and dormers, with a cupola at the center. It was at one time joined by a hyphen to the adjacent Motz School, a pair of single-story gable-roofed buildings. The hyphen was removed in 2014, when the town divided the property and sold the Plummer School building.</p><br>
<p>Prior to construction of the Plummer School, Falmouth&#39;s high school students were educated by arrangement in the schools of adjacent towns. Need for a town high school was identified in 1928, and the central portion and one wing of the Plummer School building were constructed in 1931, to a design by Portland architect John P. Thomas. The second wing was added in 1936 when additional financing was made available. The town continued to grow rapidly over the following decades, resulting the construction of the adjacent school buildings and the eventual conversion of this building to a junior high school. In 1965 the combined Plummer and Motz buildings were converted into an elementary school, a use that continued until 2011. The town in 2013 sold the Plummer School to a developer, who has plans to convert the building to senior housing, slated for completion in October 2017. See www.PlummerSeniorLiving.com.</p><br>
<p>The Kent Neighborhood Historic District encompasses a little-altered early 19th-century rural neighborhood of Dorset, Vermont. Centered at the junction of Dorset West Road and Nichols Hill Road, the area is also historically significant as the site in 1775 of the first meetings that culminated in Vermont&#39;s period of independence prior to become the 14th United States state. The district was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1978.</p><br>
<h2>Description and history</h2><br>
<p>The Kent Neighborhood is located in western Dorset, south of the main village. It extends along Lane Road to Dorset West Road, and then further westward along Nichols Hill Road. The district is entirely residential, with dispersed houses along the three roads. All are clapboarded wood frame buildings, and most are stylistically vernacular interpretations of Federal period architecture. The oldest house dates to about 1783, and there are four non-historic 20th century houses interspersed among the older ones, which were typically built before 1850. One of the houses is a former one-room schoolhouse, built in about 1834, and another is notable as the home of George Holley, a leading figure in the development of the area&#39;s marble quarries.</p><br>
<p>One of the areas early settlers was Cephas Kent, Sr., who moved to the area in 1773 and built a house and tavern. Neither still stands, but it was at Kents tavern that a series of meetings took place in 1775, when the settlers of the area that is now Vermont, disputed between New York and New Hampshire, negotiated a set of agreements among themselves that resulted in the founding in 1777 of the independent Vermont Republic. The site of the Kent Tavern is marked by a marble memorial, placed in 1912. Many of the older houses in the area were built by members of the extended Kent family.</p><br>
<p>The Wimer Bridge is a covered bridge over Evans Creek in Jackson County in the USA state of Oregon. The version that was listed on the National Register of Historic Places, was built in 1927. The creek is a tributary of the Rogue River, which it joins at the small city of Rogue River.</p><br>
<p>An earlier covered span, built in 1892 by J. W. Osbourne, crossed the creek at this location, according to local residents and an engineering database. The 1927 bridge replaced the older span.</p><br>
<p>After the 1927 bridge deteriorated, local residents refurbished it in 1962. However, by the mid-1970s the bridge was closed after further decline. Repairs in 1985 led to reopening with an eight-ton limit, later reduced to three tons. Before further repairs were undertaken, the structure collapsed in 2003.</p><br>
<p>In 2008, with the help of federal funds and local labor, the bridge was replaced with a look-alike using trusses reinforced with metal braces, laminated beams that look like timber, concrete approaches, and industrial roofing made to resemble wooden shakes. The one-way bridge, still 17 ft wide, as was the original, has a load limit of 10 tons.</p><br>
<p>Borovoe  is one of the Burabay lakes in the north of Kazakhstan, in the Burabay District of Akmola Region, in the eastern foothills of Kokshe Mountain.</p><br>
<h2>Naming</h2><br>
<p>The shores of the lake are overgrown with pine forest. The name of the lake originates from the word bor, which means "pine forest". The historical name is Auliekol, which means "holy lake".</p><br>
<p>The water in the lake is limpid and the bottom can be seen clearly. The water surface of the lake is almost open, only the western and northwestern shores are rushy; the southern shores are rocky, and the eastern shores are sandy. The bottom is flat.</p><br>
<p>The lake has several capes. Near the northwestern cape, there is a rocky mushroom-shaped island, Zhumbaktas ("Sphinx"), reaching an elevation of 20 m above the water. Borovoe is separated by mountain ranges from the closest lakes. The cliffs and capes of the northwestern and southern coasts create a unique landscape.</p><br>
<p>The lake is situated within Burabay National Park. The lake water is healing. On the eastern shore, there is the Burabay medical resort and the Nature Museum (Kazakh: Табиғат мұражайы).</p><br>
<h2>In literature</h2><br>
<p>The Kazakh writer Zhanaidar Musin, in his book «Жер шоктыгы Кокшетау» (Almaty, 1989), called Lake Borovoe "Kumuskol", which means "silver lake". The nature of Borovoe is proclaimed in Saken Seifulin’s poem “Kokshetau”:</p><br>
<p>Burabay water’s more limpid than dew</p><br>
<p>One cannot withhold admiration its view.</p><br>
<p>Its shore’s overgrown with glorious trees</p><br>
<p>Magnificent pines, white birches make scenery splendid indeed.</p><br>
<p>Lake of Ansabère  is a lake in Pyrénées-Atlantiques, Pyrénées, France. At an elevation of 1859 m, its surface area is 0.002 km².</p><br>
<p>This lake is the westernmost of the mountain lakes of the Pyrenees, together with Lake of Chourique and Lake of Lhurs, all located at the same longitude.</p><br>
<h2>Itinerary</h2><br>
<p>From the village of Lescun, go between the bridges of Masousa and Lamareich, and follow the track into the small valley of Ansabère.</p><br>
<p>After the bridge of Lamary at 1,171 m, one must follow the footpath until the Ansabère huts at 1,570 m, dominated by the Aiguilles dAnsabère and Pic dAnsabère.</p><br>
<p>From there, the path continues to the left around a rocky chaos, and climbs in grassy slopes to reach the basin housing the miniature lake of Ansabère.</p><br>
<p>The Jefferson Elementary School is a historic building located in Creston, Iowa, United States. There was an older Jefferson School building located on this property that was built in the 1880s. It had become overcrowded and lacked modern facilities by the 1920s. This building replaced it in 1937. It was built by Hogeson Construction for $74,629 using Public Works Administration funds. It was designed in the Moderne style by the Des Moines architectural firm of Dougher, Rich & Woodburn. The two-story brick structure was built on a concrete foundation, and it is capped with a flat roof. The multi-colored light brown brick is laid in a common bond, and it is accentuated with limestone beltcourses and copings. The building was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2002. The school closed in 2006.</p><br>
<p>The former United States Post Office is a historic building located in Creston, Iowa, United States. Built in 1901, the building housed the post office on the main floor and a federal courtroom on the second floor. The combination Beaux-Arts and Georgian Revival structure was designed by James Knox Taylor who was the Supervising Architect of the United States Department of the Treasury. The Beaux-Arts style is found in the cornice, lucarnes, portico, and the</p><br>
<p>door and window enframements. The Georgian Revival is found in the general mass and elevation of the building, window detail, use of brick, the hipped roof, and the division of the main facade into a projecting central pavilion and single-bay wings. The building was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1978. The post office has subsequently been relocated to a more modern building, and this building has been converted into commercial space.</p><br>
<p>The Chicago, Milwaukee & St. Paul Depot-Jefferson, also known simply as the Milwaukee Depot is an historic building located in Jefferson, Iowa, United States. The rail line that this station served was built by the Wabash, St. Louis & Pacific Railroad in either 1882 or 1883. It was part of the 500 mi of track developed by Jay Gould in Iowa. Known as the High Bridge Route because of the height of the bridge over the Des Moines River, it was acquired by the Des Moines, Northern and Western Railroad in 1891. Four years later the Chicago, Milwaukee and St. Paul Railroad acquired the line. The Milwaukee Road built this train station from their standard building plan between 1906 and 1909. It is almost identical to the station built in 1906 in Adel, Iowa. This passenger station replaced a combination passenger and freight depot that was moved and used solely as a freight depot. The Milwaukee Road discontinued passenger service in Jefferson in the early 1950s, and the depot continued as a freight office until 1980. The building was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1994.</p><br>
<p>Westpac Bank Building is a heritage-listed bank building at 337-343 Flinders Street, Townsville CBD, City of Townsville, Queensland, Australia. It was designed by Hall and Cook and built in 1935 by Stuart Brothers . It was added to the Queensland Heritage Register on 13 May 2004.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>An imposing two-storeyed masonry building, the Westpac Bank was erected in 1935 as the Bank of New South Wales. This building was the third premises built by the bank in Townsville.</p><br>
<p>The Bank of New South Wales, founded in 1817, was intimately associated with the early development of Townsville. Robert Towns, the co-founder of Townsville, was a director of the Bank of New South Wales. Not surprisingly, he was instrumental in encouraging the bank to establish a branch at Cleveland Bay. After some delays, the Bank of New South Wales opened a branch in rented premises on 20 March 1866. The Bank of NSW was the second in the settlement, after the Australian Joint Stock Bank which had opened a month earlier.</p><br>
<p>The Bank purchased an allotment on the corner of the Strand and Wickham Street in 1867 and premises and a manager&#39;s residence were erected two years later. Anticipating the future growth of Townsville in Flinders Street East, the Bank purchased two allotments on the corner of Flinders and Wickham Streets in 1875. Two-storeyed premises were erected in 1887.</p><br>
<p>As the centre of the business district shifted westwards along Flinders Street, the bank again decided to relocate its Townsville branch. In 1915, the Bank of NSW purchased an allotment on the corner of Flinders and Stokes Streets. As with the previous relocation, the bank did not erect new premises immediately. The shops on the allotment were rented and some sold in 1922. More than fifteen years after the initial purchase of the land, Brisbane architect, Francis Richard Hall, senior partner of Hall and Cook, was commissioned to prepare plans for a new building containing offices and shops as well as facilities for the bank.</p><br>
<p>The building costing £32,345 was constructed by Stuart Brothers of Sydney and completed in 1935. It was occupied by the Bank of NSW which had amalgamated in 1931 with the Australian Bank of Commerce, formerly the Australian Joint Stock Bank. The building was considered one of Townsville&#39;s most "imposing edifices" at the time of construction. It was designed to ameliorate the hot climate through the use of cross ventilation and cavity construction. Elaborate bronze entrance doors were a feature of the elevations and cost over £1,000. The banking chamber had paneled wainscots and counters in north Queensland maple.</p><br>
<p>Renovations were carried out in 1961, 1966, 1968 and 1971. The exterior has been subject to minor alterations while the interior on the ground floor has been refurbished.</p><br>
<h2>Description</h2><br>
<p>Located on the corner of Flinders Street Mall and Stokes Street, in the centre of Townsville, the Westpac Bank is a two storeyed masonry building with a smaller attic storey. Built up to the property alignment on the street sides, the building is roughly L-shaped in plan with a single storey service zone occupying the rear of the site. The south east frontage to Flinders Street is 62 ft long and the north east frontage to Stokes Street is 135 ft. Constructed of reinforced concrete with an outer brick veneer, the walls are generally finished with cement render, now painted.</p><br>
<p>The street facades are designed in an imposing classical style. Giant Tuscan order colonnades are terminated in solid corners with banded rustication. The columns sit on a raised base, about a metre above the Flinders Street level, and carry a simple entablature surmounted by a more ornamental parapet with a central cartouche and panels of classical balusters. The name of the bank, flanked by circular motifs, is written in the frieze. The base of the building, which has been refinished with a pebble aggregate, diminishes on the Stokes Street side due to a gentle rise towards the north. The northernmost part of the Stokes Street elevation, originally two shops, is face brickwork with a rendered entablature matching the main part of the building. An awning projects over the footpath in front of the brick section. Most of the windows are generously proportioned steel framed casements with simple classical architraves.</p><br>
<p>The banking chamber, which occupies the corner position on the ground floor, has entrances from both Flinders Street and Stokes Street. The Flinders Street entrance is raised about five steps above the footpath level. The entrance doors are located centrally in the walls behind the colonnades. These walls are decorated with pilasters, positioned directly behind the columns. Simple ironwork panels and gates are positioned between the bases of the columns. Automatic aluminium doors have replaced the original bronze doors. The banking chamber, although much altered, is in the original location and retains some original structural walls and columns. The remainder of the ground floor is occupied by the bank and used for offices, storage and staff facilities. Due to the slope in Stokes Street the northern end of the ground floor has been built at a higher level. An additional ground floor entrance on Stokes Street opens directly into the higher level.</p><br>
<p>Entrances to the upper floors are located on both Flinders and Stokes Streets. The Flinders street entrance, located in the banded section of wall on the southern end of the colonnade, leads to an entry vestibule and dogleg staircase. The stair, which extends to the third level, has terrazzo treads and risers, a timber handrail and a decorative iron balustrade.</p><br>
<p>The Stokes Street entrance to the second level is less prominent, being positioned in a gap between the rendered and the brick sections of the building. The stair at this entrance is a single straight flight terminating in a landing located closer to the upper level. At the landing, the stair splits into two flights, which run at 90 degrees to the main flight of stairs. The second level consists of a central corridor with offices along the street side of the building and services on the opposite side. Although somewhat altered the second level retains many original details including signage, stair handrails, timber paneled doors, timber and glass partitioning and terrazzo dividers in the toilet cubicles.</p><br>
<p>The third storey, originally a residence, is a tenanted office and training rooms for the bank. It is positioned close to the Flinders Street facade occupying about a third of the area of the floor below. The remainder consists of a large flat roof deck surrounded by the building parapet. The third storey is located behind the parapet and is not very visible from the street. A water tank sits above the roof of the third storey.</p><br>
<h2>Heritage listing</h2><br>
<p>Westpac Bank was listed on the Queensland Heritage Register on 13 May 2004 having satisfied the following criteria.</p><br>
<p>The place is important in demonstrating the evolution or pattern of Queensland&apos;s history.</p><br>
<p>The Westpac Bank, the third location of the Bank of New South Wales in Townsville and one of the largest banking buildings in north Queensland at the time of its construction, demonstrates the evolution of commerce in north Queensland and its contribution to the development of Townsville as a regional centre.</p><br>
<p>The place is important in demonstrating the principal characteristics of a particular class of cultural places.</p><br>
<p>In the choice of a classical style of architecture, central location and arrangement of spaces - a spacious banking chamber combined with shops, tenantable offices and residential accommodation on the roof level - the Westpac Bank is important in illustrating the principal characteristics of an interwar bank in a regional centre.</p><br>
<p>The place is important because of its aesthetic significance.</p><br>
<p>A fine example of the commercial architecture of Francis Richard Hall, the Westpac Bank, with its well-ordered and classically proportioned facades, contributes to the Flinders Street streetscape.</p><br>
<p>The place has a special association with the life or work of a particular person, group or organisation of importance in Queensland&apos;s history.</p><br>
<p>The place has a strong association with the work of the Bank of New South Wales in fostering the development of Townsville in the 19th and early 20th centuries as North Queensland&#39;s principal regional commercial centre.</p><br>
<p>Townsville Magistrates Court is a heritage-listed former courthouse and now theatre at 81 Sturt Street, Townsville CBD, City of Townsville, Queensland, Australia. It was designed by Francis Drummond Greville Stanley and built from 1874 to 1876 by J & J Rooney. It is also known as Townsville Court House and Townsville Museum. It was added to the Queensland Heritage Register on 21 October 1992.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>This single-storeyed brick building was constructed in 1874-76 as the second Townsville Magistrates Court. It was designed by colonial architect FDG Stanley, and was constructed by Townsville builders J & J Rooney, at a cost £4,463.</p><br>
<p>The Magistrates Court was the second brick building erected in Townsville, and took two years to complete due to a shortage of suitable brick clay.</p><br>
<p>The Townsville Magistrates Court held circuit sittings of the Northern Division of the Supreme Court (twice a year), as well as sittings of the Northern District Court (twice a year), the Police Court (daily), and the Petty Debts Court (twice a week) - the latter two presided over by the Police Magistrate. A lockup and quarters for the lockup keeper were associated with the Court House.</p><br>
<p>The court house was repaired and painted in April 1895 and a verandah on the western side was added in 1897. In 1901 James Brady constructed a strong room on the rear western side.</p><br>
<p>The building functioned as a court house for almost 100 years. With the construction of new court facilities in Walker Street, the old structure was threatened with demolition. Community agitation saved the building and it was purchased by the Townsville City Council in the early 1970s.</p><br>
<p>After restoration it was used as a day care facility, then as a tourist information centre and in 1985 it became the Townsville Museum. The building was vacated in November 2003.</p><br>
<p>In 2016, the building is used by the Full Throttle Theatre Company.</p><br>
<h2>Description</h2><br>
<p>This single-storeyed building was constructed in two distinct parts. The front section was made of rendered brick and the rear of timber.</p><br>
<p>The Sturt Street frontage, which originally housed the magistrate&#39;s office, is a symmetrically designed structure. The classical portico, which is reached by a short flight of stairs, features a gabled pediment, columns and round arched door and windows. The restrained nature of this section gives the impression of strength and permanence.</p><br>
<p>The timber rear of the building, with its wide verandahs and timber valance, is more in keeping with the tropical environment.</p><br>
<p>A section across the back of the structure has been enclosed with glass louvres, while the 1901 strong room remains intact.</p><br>
<p>The building has a hipped roof of corrugated iron and a skillion roof covers the original strongroom at the rear.</p><br>
<p>A modern garden of lawn and shade trees enhances the building.</p><br>
<p>This structure retains its early facade despite interior alterations.</p><br>
<h2>Heritage listing</h2><br>
<p>The former Townsville Magistrates Court was listed on the Queensland Heritage Register on 21 October 1992 having satisfied the following criteria.</p><br>
<p>The place is important in demonstrating the evolution or pattern of Queensland&apos;s history.</p><br>
<p>The Magistrates Court, completed in 1876, is significant historically as evidence of the early consolidation of Townsville as a government administrative centre in northern Queensland, and in illustrating the early use of brick in Townsville.</p><br>
<p>The place is important in demonstrating the principal characteristics of a particular class of cultural places.</p><br>
<p>It illustrates some of the principal characteristics of its type, with the imposing classical design exemplifying the building&#39;s important judicial and authoritative role.</p><br>
<p>The place is important because of its aesthetic significance.</p><br>
<p>The Magistrates Court is an aesthetically pleasing 19th century building which sits well in a modern townscape, as well as contributing significantly to Townsville&#39;s surviving historical townscape.</p><br>
<p>The place has a strong or special association with a particular community or cultural group for social, cultural or spiritual reasons.</p><br>
<p>The place is valued by the local community as an important part of their cultural heritage, as evidenced by the 1970s purchase of the property by the Townsville City Council.</p><br>
<p>The place has a special association with the life or work of a particular person, group or organisation of importance in Queensland&apos;s history.</p><br>
<p>It is significant as an example of the work of colonial architect FDG Stanley, and of the early work of the Townsville-based North Queensland building firm, J & J Rooney.</p><br>
<p>Drystone Wall is a heritage-listed drystone wall at 2-4 Cleveland Terrace, Townsville CBD, City of Townsville, Queensland, Australia. It was built in 1877. It is also known as Queensland Transport, Townsville Library and School of Arts/Licence Testing Centre, and Townsville Supreme Court. It was added to the Queensland Heritage Register on 7 February 2005.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>The Drystone Wall, Melton Hill, Townsville is the only remaining physical evidence on the site of the former Townsville Supreme Court, which was constructed as the Townsville Library and School of Arts building. The building opened in September, 1877 and was designed and constructed by Townsville architect and building contractor Charles Alexander Ward, who "won a premium" of £10 for the design. In 1889 the Supreme Court Bill provided for the relocation of Queensland&#39;s Northern Supreme Court from Bowen to Townsville. By the end of that year plans were underway to convert the School of Arts to house the Northern Supreme Court. The alterations were carried out by Townsville building firm Rooney Brothers.</p><br>
<p>The School of Arts Reserve on Melton Hill was proclaimed in 1872, close to the site of the first court and customs houses which were constructed by 1872 and the first Town Hall. Also nearby were private residences, most notably that of FA Fryer and John Melton Black, founder of Townsville. The earliest survey plan for Melton Hill dated 26 June 1865 shows John Melton Black as the owner of three acres of the top of the hill. There is also a sketch plan made in around 1867-8 for the Queensland Department of Public Works records shows John Melton Blacks property extending down the hill as far as the north- eastern boundary of the School of Arts site. The main house, known as "Bachelors Hall", was a four roomed building surrounded by verandahs with a detached kitchen. The main house was surrounded by four other buildings, an observatory and several structures downhill towards the original School of Arts site. It has been suggested that the drystone wall is the remains of the boundary walls of the property of James Melton Black, which if correct, would make them the oldest surviving structure in Townsville.</p><br>
<p>Planning for the School of Arts building began in January 1877 when the Committee sought government funding for the project. The government offered a thousand-pound if the local community raised five hundred pound. Difficulties arose over the location of the School of Arts on Melton Hill. Heated discussion took place within the Committee and in the community over whether the reserved land was too far from the business centre of the town, which, by 1877 was already moving westward along Flinders St. Argument revolved around a site in Sturt St, one in Flinders St near Denham St, and the Melton Hill site. Finally, at a meeting of the committee on 11 January 1877, the motion to build the new School of Arts on Melton Hill was carried 14 votes to 12.</p><br>
<p>On 3 February 1877 the School of Arts Committee resolved to call tenders for plans and specifications for the new building which was to have a large hall, reading room, a library and a room for a museum. The committee offered "a premium of ten pound" for the best plan. In March, 1877 the committee considered the five plans submitted and by an almost unanimous vote chose the design prepared by Charles Alexander Ward, of Townsville. Charles Ward worked in various capacities, as a contractor, joiner and cabinet maker. He operated a workshop which made furniture to order, as well as selling bedsteads and sewing machines. Besides the School of Arts he was architect and builder of a number of public and commercial buildings in Townsville including the (now demolished) Queensland Hotel.</p><br>
<p>Wards tender for the construction of the School of Arts was accepted with the building completed by September 1877. The building was designed with a double storeyed section at the front and a hall behind. On the ground floor a central passageway led to the hall with a committee room and library on either side above the two front rooms was a reading room. The hall was 80x35&#39;, with a deep stage and a gallery at the upper level. The building had a corrugated iron roof and was constructed of timber imported from Maryborough.</p><br>
<p>On the 18 September 1877 a concert was given by the Orpheus Glee Club, which is believed to have marked the opening of the new School of Arts.</p><br>
<p>The new building became the focus of social and cultural life in Townsville. The School of Arts, which had the largest hall in the town, became the entertainment centre for the community. Concerts both by local amateurs and visiting theatrical troupes were staged regularly. It housed the first presentations of both full operas and oratorios in the town. It was also used as the first skating rink; it housed the exhibits of the early Townsville Shows and provided a venue for lectures on a variety of topics. Balls, fancy dress balls and banquets such as the one staged to greet the Premier in 1885, were also held in the building. The first evening classes in the town were held there. French, popular physiology, natural history, botany, photography, German, bookkeeping, architectural drawing and freehand drawing were some of the subjects taught.</p><br>
<p>Once the building was officially opened and operating, the Committee carried out a series of modifications. It appears that the installation of ceilings was not part of the original contract because the Committee "... decided to invite estimates for ceiling the hall, library and committee rooms of the building" in July 1875. Between 1877 and 1889, a skillion extension to the south was constructed and in 1878 a handsome proscenium was built especially for an amateur performance.</p><br>
<p>In 1874, as a result of the rapid development of North Queensland, the Queensland Government decided to appoint a Supreme Court judge to serve the northern part of the colony from Bowen. However, as Townsvilles importance in the region grew there was a move to relocate the court. In September 1887 the issue was debated in parliament and a decision was made to relocate Queenslands Northern Supreme Court to Townsville. However, no action was taken at the time. In May, 1888 there was a change of government and two members for Townsville were elected. In March, 1889 a delegation of nine northern members requested the Premier implement the 1887 resolution, with the result that in September, 1889 the Supreme Court Bill was introduced which provided for the appointment of a second northern judge and for the removal of the court to Townsville.</p><br>
<p>While it appeared that the government first planned to construct a new court building, by December, 1889 plans were underway to convert the School of Arts for use as the Northern Supreme Court. No information has been found on the purchase of the School of Arts, however, a new theatre and library on the corner of Stanley and Walker Streets, were opened 27 May 1891 by the School of Arts Committee, using funds from the sale of the Melton Hill building.</p><br>
<p>The conversion of the building for use by the Supreme Court was dogged with difficulties. Well known North Queensland building and timber merchant firm Rooney Brothers, were selected by the Justice Department to do the work at a cost of between £950 and £1000. This quote covered the cost of the removal of skillion rooms and extension of the main building 20 ft to the rear. The two storey portion of the building was to be extended 30 ft over the hall and the stage was to be removed. Furniture for the Court Room was to be provided as well.</p><br>
<p>Rooney Brothers do not appear to have signed a contract nor were drawings prepared. Matthew Rooney was seen as a practical man who had particular expertise in solving problems using his skill with design and it is possible that he was chosen to carry out the alterations to the building because he was seen to have the required skills. During construction Rooney made design suggestions i.e. the extension of the western verandah and a flight of stairs to give the judge easy access to his rooms. Matthew Rooney also suggested that the windows be enlarged with circular heads and a lantern light be installed in the upper corridor to increase light in the building. The alterations cost £2703 and were the cause of some dispute with the Department of Works despite the fact that the extra work was authorised during construction.</p><br>
<p>Mr Justice Charles Edward Chubb, newly appointed Northern Judge is believed to have been involved in design changes to the building as well. The extent of his involvement is not known and, indeed, when the cost of alterations became an issue, he denied any substantial interference. It is known, however, that he did order the installation of venetian shutters.</p><br>
<p>During the subsequent one hundred years the building was altered in minor ways and severely damaged by cyclones on several occasions. In 1896 Cyclone Sigma caused damage to the roof, broke the lantern light to the upper hall, the roof of the strong room was blown off and the walls of the building damaged with water. In 1903 Cyclone Leonta damaged the roof, and destroyed the jury room. Roof damage occurred in 1940 and major damage to the whole building, including the roof, occurred in 1971 during Cyclone Althea. On New Year&#39;s Eve, 1965 an explosion, at the entrance to the building, destroyed the front doors. In 1961, a cell block was moved to the site from Railway Estate Police Station after the old cell block was demolished.</p><br>
<p>In 1970 the Supreme Court moved to new premises and the Vehicle Licensing Division of Department of Transport occupied the front section of the building. The building became vacant after the Department of Transport moved to new premises in the mid 1980s. In 1972 the caretakers residence was sold for removal. In 1994 the roof was reinstated using Federal "One Nation" funding. The building was also painted around this time. However, on 14 April 1998, before the conservations works could be finished the former Townsville Supreme Court building was destroyed by fire. What little of the timber building that remained after the fire was later removed from the site due to safety concerns. The remains of the late nineteenth century drystone wall is the only remaining physical evidence on the site. At the time the building was destroyed it was described as:The axis of the building is north-south, with the main entry at the northern end facing Cleveland Terrace. The north facade has a two- storeyed verandah with crossed timber balustrades and curved boarded valances to both levels, and a central projecting portico with paired timber posts topped with a pediment and a flagpole as finial. The double entry doors have an arched fanlight, and large single pane double-hung windows with arched heads to either side. Behind are two levels of offices and chambers each side of a central corridor.This northern section of the building has hipped roofs in a U-shaped configuration. There is a glazed lantern with curved domed roof on one of the ridges. The double-hung windows, smaller than those of the front, have two panes per sash and are shaded by continuous curved corrugated iron hoods. The walls are clad in weatherboards.The interior of this section has walls lined with wide horizontal beaded boards, and high ceilings of double beaded boards. The entry has the remnant of a gold painted sign beside the arched opening. The room beside the entry retains its moulded timber counter. In the cupboard under the stair are small remnants of theatrical posters dating from 1879-1880. Doors here are typically low-waisted four panel, some with fanlights. The floors are timber boards.In the upper level, the lantern provides a boarded rooflight to the central corridor. At the end of the corridor, an arched opening and timber balustrade form a balcony which overlooks the courtroom. To the very upper portion of the walls is a panel of perforated zinc ventilation grilles. The former Judges chambers retain their cedar bookshelves. From this level, the northern verandah has views over Cleveland Bay.Detached to the west of this section is the strongroom of painted brick. It has a curved corrugated iron roof, iron door and small barred window.The central part of the building is the single-storeyed Courtroom. The gabled roof has dormer windows and ventilators along its ridge. On the east side is the Courtrooms gabled entry porch, which has a scalloped bargeboard, boarded valance and timber posts with capitals. A verandah with similar valance runs the length of the western side. From this verandah, an external timber stair leads to the Judges chambers.The Courtroom has exposed scissor trusses with stop-chamfered members, and raked ceilings lined in diagonal boarding above. There is a dormer window to each side of the ridge. The large double-hung windows, two to each side, have single pane sashes and arched heads, and are similar to those beside the main entry. Again, the walls are lined in horizontal beaded boards and the floors timber.To the southern end of the Courtroom is an elevated timber stage, with stairs to either side. Court furniture retained in place includes the cedar judges bench with screen behind, the stand for the witness box, the defendant&#39;s dock, the jury stand, and a timber rail and tiered benches for the public at the rear.To the rear of the Courtroom are three small offices at the level of the stage. From here, a link of latticed walls and curved corrugated iron roof connects to the Jury Room to the east. The Jury Room is a single timber room, with toilets added to the north. Its subfloor construction includes brickwork of an earlier building in this position. It has a pyramid roof and ventilator at its apex, and timber hoods to its windows.Behind this block is a small brick shower room, with lean-to roof and boarded shutter. Behind the shower and of similar height, is a stone pitched retaining wall marking the rear of the site.Along the western side of the main building runs a graded brick retaining wall, forming the terrace of the remainder of the site. Further to the west, is a timber cell block and a timber toilet block.</p><br>
<h2>Description</h2><br>
<p>The former Townsville Supreme Court was an imposing one and two- storeyed timber building with a corrugated iron roof. It was located on the north-eastern side of Melton Hill, part of the foothills of Castle Hill, and faced north over the Strand and Cleveland Bay. The platforms of the site are part of a series of terraces formed in the rocky hillside.</p><br>
<p>The site is on the corner of Melton and Cleveland Terraces. It sits between a group of public and government buildings (which includes the Townsville Customs House and the Townsville State Government Offices on the lower side of the hill), and a group of substantial early residences higher on the hill to the west.</p><br>
<p>The condition of the drystone wall varies from sound to areas of partial collapse or missing stones. The wall is situated on the boundary of Lot 3 on EP2361 and Lot 6 on T118300. The site is generally rocky and granite ridges run through the base of the wall continuing down the slope. The approximate 800 mm width of the stone wall is neither straight nor parallel with the title boundary.</p><br>
<p>The wall is approximately 1.5 metres high however, it is thought to have been substantially higher, possibly as high as 1.8 metres. Extensive fallen rock is visible on the ground within Lot 3 on EP2361. The rocks used to construct the wall are of random size, with some as large as 400 x 300 x 500 mm, and smaller fragments scattered among them.</p><br>
<p>There is a 100 mm (4 inch) Metters cast iron pipe line running up the hill, approximately north-south, within Lot 6 on T118300. This descends into Cleveland Terrace where it enters an underground drain near a manhole manufactured by Northern Iron and Brass Foundry. Following the wet season the drystone wall is mostly covered with creeper vine, which restricts visual reference and additional research into the feature.</p><br>
<h2>Heritage listing</h2><br>
<p>Drystone Wall, Melton Hill was listed on the Queensland Heritage Register on 7 February 2005 having satisfied the following criteria.</p><br>
<p>The place is important in demonstrating the evolution or pattern of Queensland&apos;s history.</p><br>
<p>The Drystone Wall, Melton Hill is important in demonstrating the evolution of Queensland&#39;s history. The drystone wall is all that remains on the site of the Former Townsville Supreme Court building. Initially constructed as a Library and School of Arts in 1877, the building was one of the largest timber School of Arts buildings in Queensland. It played an important part in the social life of Townsville in the late 1870s and through the 1880s. When it was completed the hall was the premier entertainment venue in Townsville. For 86 years the building served as the only timber supreme court building in Queensland. It is also distinguished by the fact that it was a converted building, which differed from the usual practice of purpose built court houses.</p><br>
<p>The place has potential to yield information that will contribute to an understanding of Queensland&apos;s history.</p><br>
<p>The Drystone Wall, Melton Hill, has potential to yield information that will contribute to an understanding of Queenslands history. In particular, the drystone pitched wall on Lot 3 on EP2361 and Lot 6 on T118300, have the potential to yield information on the early government and residential area of Townsville. The wall is believed to have been constructed in the late 19th Century and has characteristic British origins, with its approximate 800 mm width consistent with English walls. There is the possibility that the drystone wall may be associated with John Melton Blacks private residence on Melton Hill c.1867, it has the potential to extend the current body of knowledge about this early civic leader.</p><br>
<p>Warringa is a heritage-listed villa at 26 Cleveland Terrace, Townsville CBD, City of Townsville, Queensland, Australia. It was built in 1912 by Edward Crowder. It was added to the Queensland Heritage Register on 21 October 1992.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>Warringa was erected in 1912 for Swiss-born Jacob Leu, a partner in the prominent Townsville law firm of Roberts and Leu, and his wife Susan. The builder was Edward Crowder of Townsville. Leus parents had emigrated to Queensland in 1871, when Jacob was a child. He completed his education in Brisbane and in 1876 commenced his articles with Brisbane solicitor Daniel Foley Roberts. In 1881, Roberts son George Alexander Roberts established a practice in Townsville, and Leu went with him as an articled clerk. After qualifying as a solicitor in 1884, Leu joined GA Roberts as a partner, the firm of Roberts and Leu developing into North Queenslands most prominent law practice. In 1886, Leu married Susan Hansen Overland. Following Jacob Leus death in 1921, Susan Leu left Warringa. George Vivian Roberts (jnr), grandson of George Alexander Roberts, purchased the house in 1981.</p><br>
<h2>Description</h2><br>
<p>Warringa is a large, single-storeyed brick residence located on a prominent site on Melton Hill, overlooking Cleveland Bay. The house is situated in a suburban environment among dwellings of a similar or earlier period, most of which are set amid tropical gardens. The house has a traditional plan form: a square core with pyramid-shaped roof of corrugated galvanised iron, and wide encircling verandahs with roofs separate from the main roof and decorated with cast-iron balustrading, fretwork brackets and double timber posts. A highly decorated portico projects over front steps centrally positioned. Two wings at the back of the house create a u-shaped courtyard, in which a small garden has been established. One is the original kitchen wing, now modified as two guest rooms; the other wing is a recent addition, comprising kitchen and sitting-room above a 3-car garage. Internally the building has high ceilings, large rooms, walls of rendered brick, and substantial silky oak joinery, including a large archway between lounge and dining rooms.</p><br>
<h2>Heritage listing</h2><br>
<p>Warringa was listed on the Queensland Heritage Register on 21 October 1992 having satisfied the following criteria.</p><br>
<p>The place is important in demonstrating the evolution or pattern of Queensland&apos;s history.</p><br>
<p>Warringa, erected in 1912, is of cultural heritage significance for its class, aesthetic character and historical associations. It is an exceptional example of a large and elegant house of the late Federation era which is quite rare in the Townsville region, and even rarer for its use of brick at this period. It makes a prominent aesthetic contribution to the Cleveland Terrace streetscape and to the Townsville townscape. The place is also significant for its close associations with Jacob Leu and GV Roberts, both of whom were/are principal partners in the longstanding and influential North Queensland legal firm of Roberts, Leu and North.</p><br>
<p>The place demonstrates rare, uncommon or endangered aspects of Queensland&apos;s cultural heritage.</p><br>
<p>It is an exceptional example of a large and elegant house of the late Federation era which is quite rare in the Townsville region, and even rarer for its use of brick at this period.</p><br>
<p>The place is important in demonstrating the principal characteristics of a particular class of cultural places.</p><br>
<p>Warringa, erected in 1912, is of cultural heritage significance for its class, aesthetic character and historical associations.</p><br>
<p>The place is important because of its aesthetic significance.</p><br>
<p>It makes a prominent aesthetic contribution to the Cleveland Terrace streetscape and to the Townsville townscape.</p><br>
<p>The place has a special association with the life or work of a particular person, group or organisation of importance in Queensland&apos;s history.</p><br>
<p>The place is also significant for its close associations with Jacob Leu and GV Roberts, both of whom were/are principal partners in the longstanding and influential North Queensland legal firm of Roberts, Leu and North.</p><br>
<p>The Sadnig, also called the Hoher Sadnig  to distinguish it from its subpeaks, the Vorsadnig , Kleiner Sadnig  and Mulleter Sadnig , is the mountain that gives its name to the subrange known as the Sadnig Group, the southern part of the Goldberg Group, an Alpine mountain range in Austria.</p><br>
<p>The name Sadnig goes back to the Slovenian word zadnji ("hindmost" or "last").</p><br>
<p>The Sadnig is located on the boundary of the Großfragant, Asten and Kolmitzen, three side valleys of the Möll valley. It is also the tripoint of the municipalities of Flattach, Mörtschach and Stall.</p><br>
<p>The Vorsadnig is a northern subpeak, 2,696 metres high. The Kleiner Sadnig (2,626m) lies to the east beyond a slight saddle. The Mulleter Sadnig (2,569m) lies to the north, separated from the Hoher Sadnig by the col of Sadnigscharte (2,484m). To the west below the Sadnigscharte (Asten side) is the mountain lake of Sadnigsee. To the east below the Sadnigscharte rises the Sadnigbach, which empties downstream into the Großfragantbach.</p><br>
<p>The closing scene of the film Seven Years in Tibet was filmed at the summit of the Sadnig.</p><br>
<p>The Sadnig is usually climbed from the Fraganter Schutzhaus mountain hut in the Großfragant valley or the guest house of Sadnighaus (a former Alpine Club hut) in the Asten, both routes continuing via the col of Sadnigscharte.</p><br>
<p>The Gideon Ives House is a historic house at 408 East Jefferson Street in New Boston, Illinois. Gideon Ives, the co-owner of Mercer Countys largest general merchandise and grain wholesale business, had the house built for his family in 1857. The house is an early example of the Italianate style; its design mirrors the house across the street, which was built for Ives business partner, Elmore J. Dennison. The house&#39;s roof features bracketed eaves and is topped by a square cupola, and its windows are tall and narrow with cast iron hoods. The entrance is flanked by pilasters, a Greek Revival element; the style was still popular at the time, and its presence reflects the transition between Greek Revival and Italianate as popular American architectural styles.</p><br>
<p>The house was added to the National Register of Historic Places on November 8, 2000.</p><br>
<p>The St. Hyacinth School and Convent are a pair of religious and educational buildings at 2 Walker Street in Westbrook, Maine. The school, built in 1894, is a fine local example of Second Empire design, and the 1922 convent is a good example of Gothic Revival architecture. Both were built by the local Roman Catholic parish of St. Hyacinth to support the burgeoning French-Canadian and French-American community, many of whom worked in the local mills. The buildings were listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2013. Both have been converted into residential housing.</p><br>
<h2>Description and history</h2><br>
<p>The St. Hyachinth School and Convent are located on Westbrook&#39;s north side, on the west side of Walker Street between Pike and Brown Streets. The school is the southerly of the two; it is a 3-1/2 story red brick building with a mansard roof, granite trim and foundation, and projecting gabled pavilions. The roof is studded with gabled dormers, and its eave is lined with large wooden brackets. It is topped by an open octagonal cupola with a slightly curved pyramidal roof. The convent is a three story H-shaped brick building, with stone foundation, belt courses, and window sills. Its entrance is a wide double door set a slightly pointed arched opening with quoined sides.</p><br>
<p>The parish of St. Hyacinth was established in the 1870s, to serve the large number of French Canadians who came to Westbrook to work in its mills. The school building was built in 1893-4, to a design by Coburn & Son of Lewiston, and originally also housed the convent of the nuns who taught there. Continued growth of the parish prompted the construction of the adjacent convent (with the conversion of the entire first building to a school) in 1922, to a design by OConnell and Shaw of Boston, Massachusetts. Classes at the school were taught in French and English, but by the 1950s French immigration had ended, and many of the parishs culturally French participants now spoke English. Enrollment declined, and the school closed in 1974. Both buildings have now been converted into conventional residential housing.</p><br>
<p>The Amos Lawrence House is a historic house on Richville Road in Manchester, Vermont. Built about 1840, it is a fine local example of a Greek Revival farmhouse. Restored in the 1980s after many years as a rental property, it was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1985.</p><br>
<h2>Description and history</h2><br>
<p>The Amos Lawrence House stands in central Manchester, on the east side of the Battenkill River, between railroad tracks to the west and Richville Road to the east, just south of its junction with Green Mountain Road. It is a 2-1/2 story wood frame structure, five bays wide, with a side gable roof, two interior brick chimneys, and clapboard siding. Its main facade faces east, and has a center entrance set in a recess with sidelight windows. The recess opening is flanked by pilasters, which support an entablature and projecting cornice. The building corners have narrow trim pieces, with a broad entablature below the eave. A 1-1/2 story ell extends to the rear of the house, and may be older than the main block.</p><br>
<p>The house was built about 1840 by Amos Lawrence, who purchased 70 acre of farmland here in 1826. This house was built about 1840; the ell may be Lawrence&#39;s first house. The property passed out of the Lawrence family in 1879, and was used by a succession of absentee owners as a rental property. In nearly derelict condition, the house was separated from the farmland in 1983 and given a full restoration, and now houses two living units.</p><br>
<p>Tigisi in Numidia was a colonia  and episcopal see of the Roman province of Numidia in Roman North Africa.</p><br>
<p>Tigisis, identified as Ain el Bordj, Algeria was a fortified town of Numidia, in the neighborhood of Lambese and Thamagada.</p><br>
<h2>Bishopric</h2><br>
<p>The town of Tigisis was the seat of a bishopric during the Roman, Vandal and Byzantine era. The persecution under Diocletian appears to have reached its height in Tigisis during Feb. 304.</p><br>
<p>Although the diocese ceased to function in the early 7th century, it was reestablished in name in 1933, since which there have been four bishops.</p><br>
<p>Known Bishops</p><br>
<p>Secundus of Tigisis, Primate of Numidia. Donatist fl303-312.</p><br>
<p>Gaudentius (Donastist) fl411.</p><br>
<p>Domnicosus a Catholic bishop fl484</p><br>
<p>Michel-Gaspard Coppenrath (16 Feb 1968 Appointed – 5 Mar 1973)</p><br>
<p>Mogale Paul Nkhumishe (5 Nov 1981 Appointed – 9 Jan 1984)</p><br>
<p>Aldo Maria Lazzarín Stella, (15 May 1989 Appointed – 16 Oct 2010)</p><br>
<p>Peter Andrew Comensoli (20 Apr 2011 Appointed – 20 Nov 2014)</p><br>
<p>The Pfeifer Brothers Department Store is a historic commercial building at 522-24 South Main Street in downtown Little Rock, Arkansas. It is a large three story brick structure, with load bearing brick walls and internal steel framing. The ground floor is lined with commercial plate glass display windows, separated by brick pilasters with terra cotta capitals.</p><br>
<p>Entrances appear on facades facing both Main and Sixth Streets. Above the third-floor windows on the Main Street facade there are round-arch elements with small round windows above, while the Sixth Street facade has corbelled brick elements in the same area. Built in 1899 by the Lasker Brothers to a design by Charles L. Thompson, it was for many years home to the Pfeifer Brothers store, one of the city&#39;s leading department stores.</p><br>
<p>The building was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2000.</p><br>
<p>Passo Tanarello  or Pas du Tanarel  at 2,042 m is a mountain pass in the Ligurian Alps. It connects the valleys of Roya in France and Tanaro in Italy.</p><br>
<h2>Etymology</h2><br>
<p>Tanarello is the diminutive form of Tanaro, the main right-hand tributary of the River Po.</p><br>
<h2>Geography</h2><br>
<p>Passo Tanarello is located on the main chain of the Alps between Monte Tanarello and Cima Ventosa. It connects the basins of the Ligurian Sea (south of the pass) and the River Po. Administratively the Italian side belongs to the municipality of Briga Alta and the French side to La Brigue.</p><br>
<p>Near the pass are located some remains of an old barrack and a small building still used by local farmers.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>The pass up to World War II was totally in Italian territory but, following the Paris Peace Treaties, signed on February 1947, is now on the border between Italy and France.</p><br>
<h2>Hiking</h2><br>
<p>The pass in easily accessible with a mountain bike by following the old military road. Monte Tanarello can be climbed by unmarked footpaths accessed from the path to the south and Cima Ventosa can be climbed to the north. It can also be accessed in winter with snowshoes.</p><br>
<p>Australian Institute of Tropical Medicine Building is a heritage-listed laboratory at Clifton Street, Townsville CBD, City of Townsville, Queensland, Australia. It was built from to 1913. It is also known as Anton Breinl Centre and James Cook University Department of Public Health and Tropical Medicine Building. It was added to the Queensland Heritage Register on 21 October 1992.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>The building that houses the Australian Institute of Tropical Medicine was opened on 28 June 1913 by the Queensland Governor Sir William MacGregor.</p><br>
<p>During the early years of the twentieth century there was much debate in Europe and Australia about the need for research into tropical diseases. British debate was motivated by economic and commercial imperatives rather than a concern for the health and welfare of the Empire. According to late nineteenth century thinking and beliefs the tropics were seen as unsuitable for white people because of confused notions about race, place and causes of disease. Certain diseases were believed to be related to place and climate although research was to show that disease was related to social and economic environment as well. These long held European ideas reinforced the belief that there was a need for medical research in order to ensure the economic success of European colonies in tropical regions.</p><br>
<p>In response to the thinking and concerns of the day research schools were opened in 1899 in London and Liverpool. Following Britain&#39;s lead European colonial powers also opened research institutes. At first Australia sent funds to the British institutes to support their research program but, by 1902, Australian medical practitioners were suggesting that a similar research facility be established in Australia.</p><br>
<p>The establishment of an Australian research centre was seen imperative after malaria parasites were discovered in blood samples in Cairns. Anglican Bishop Frodsham of Townsville led the campaign after a member of his staff died from an unknown disease. He gained local support and in 1907 Gordon Ross, Medical Superintendent of the First Townsville Hospital, recommended to the Department of Health that a pathologist be employed to research and treat patients suffering from a number of tropical diseases. Ross&#39; plan was to discover the causes of disease in order to prevent further outbreaks.</p><br>
<p>In 1908, responding to the concerns of the medical profession and the community, the Government decided to establish an institute in North Queensland, although some concern was expressed about the distance of the research centre from southern medical schools. While generally the medical profession hoped that the inaugural doctor would be Australian, Dr Anton Breinl, an Austrian, was appointed. Breinl, who arrived in Townsville on 1 January 1910, had been working in the Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine. He was an exceptional medical scientist who had received awards for his contribution to tropical medicine, particularly for his work with Harold Wolferstan Thomas, on a cure for sleeping sickness. The treatment he helped develop, using an organic arsenical "atoxyl", later became a corner stone in the early development of chemotherapy.</p><br>
<p>Breinl and his laboratory assistant Fielding, were the only members of the new Australian Institute of Tropical Medicine. They were housed in a three room building which had been a wardsman&#39;s quarters in the grounds of Townsville Hospital. Part of the work included field work collecting native fauna for examination in the laboratory, examining data for medical practitioners and collection of data.</p><br>
<p>By 1911 Breinl was able to show the need for more staff and better premises when the Australian Government gave approval for expanded research into physiological and anthropological problems associated with white people living in the tropics. To facilitate this growth in research a new laboratory and animal house was constructed. The new Institute was opened on 28 June 1913 by Queensland Governor, Sir William MacGregor.</p><br>
<p>In 1912 the staff was increased to six with the employment of a parasitologist, bacteriologist, biochemist and entomologist. The work of the Institute expanded as the scientists investigated diseases such as malaria, dengue fever, filariasis, typhoid, hookworm, many unidentified fevers, amoebic dysentery, tropical sprue, leprosy, yaws and gangosa. During this period Breinl identified amoebic dysentery during one of his research trip to New Guinea.</p><br>
<p>The outbreak of World War 1 and the loss of hospital staff seriously affected the work of the Institute. Breinl had to assume the role of Medical Superintendent of the Townsville Hospital and Quarantine Officer while at the same time continuing his research at the Institute. During the war years he also treated servicemen sent from New Guinea and from the Middle East who were suffering from malaria. In early January 1916 Breinl resigned from the position of Quarantine Officer after becoming embroiled in a bitter public controversy over his Sudeten ancestry. While many in the community supported Dr Breinl and valued his work, others called for his deportation or suggested that he be confined behind "barbed wire".</p><br>
<p>Despite his resignation from the Quarantine position Breinl continued his research work in the Institute. Unfortunately, after the war, the Commonwealth tightened control over finances and the direction of research. Staff were not replaced and by 1920 Breinl was the only medical staff member. Research became impossible because of the lack of funds and staff for field trips. After the Institute was absorbed into the newly established Commonwealth Department of Health, Breinl lost control, completely, of the direction of research. He resigned in October 1921 and spent the rest of his life in private practice in Townsville.</p><br>
<p>A succession of directors followed Breinl&#39;s resignation, including Raphael Cilento, appointed in 1923. Cilento remained Director until 1928. In 1930 the Australian Institute of Tropical Medicine was moved to the School of Health at the University of Sydney.</p><br>
<p>Drawings dated 1957 show the ground floor including TB labs, research labs, and an acoustics test room, and the north end of the first floor converted to a bachelor&#39;s flat. By 1971, survey drawings called the building the "Commonwealth Health Laboratory, Townsville".</p><br>
<p>Drawings dated 1984 show planning for the "restoration" of the Tropical Institute was underway. About 1990, the Angelo Gabrielli Research Laboratory was installed as a memorial, with assistance from Townsville Mt Stuart Lions Club. The work was done by the Gabrielli family building firm whose director, Angelo died of a rare tropical disease. A plaque within the corridor says the Anton Breinl Centre for Tropical Medicine was officially opened by the Honourable Neal Blewett, Minister for Social Security on 2 July 1992.</p><br>
<p>In 2004, the Anton Breinl Centre moved to the main campus of James Cook University to a new building in the Medical School precinct.</p><br>
<h2>Description</h2><br>
<p>The Australian Institute of Tropical Medicine Building is a two-storeyed rectangular building with encircling two-storey timber verandah. It is located within the grounds of the former Second Townsville General Hospital, dwarfed behind Blocks "A" and "B", which now have the views of the bay. Facing north-east, it sits on the corner of an internal roadway, on a sloping site being partly cut into the hill, and partly mounted on a plinth. There is a garden of palms and tropical plants to the north-eastern and north-western sides.</p><br>
<p>The corrugated steel roof is half-hipped with gablets to the front and rear. The timber verandah has a dowelled balustrade to the upper level, and a boarded valance, ripple iron ceiling and concrete floor to the lower level. From the upper level are views to the north over adjoining buildings. The south-east and south-west verandahs are enclosed and clad with chamferboards.</p><br>
<p>The external walls are rendered masonry, with external engaged piers. There are french doors and casement windows to both levels, opening onto the verandahs. The internal walls are vertical beaded tongue-and-groove boards.</p><br>
<p>The ground floor has a central corridor with offices to either side accessed through four-panel doors with fanlights. Within the corridor are several display cases containing equipment and photographs of Anton Breinl&#39;s trips to Papua in 1912 and 1913. This equipment includes a microscope, rifle, camera and various medical equipment.</p><br>
<p>The first floor contains the library and laboratory spaces. Thelibrary has a pressed metal ceiling and timber bookshelves and cabinets. One cabinet contains a collection of journals owned by Anton Breinl, including Bulletin of Hygiene from 1927, Journal of Hygiene from 1930, and Tropical Diseases Bulletin from 1925. One of the laboratories has been named the Angelo Gabrielli Research Laboratory.</p><br>
<h2>Heritage listing</h2><br>
<p>The Australian Institute of Tropical Medicine Building was listed on the Queensland Heritage Register on 21 October 1992 having satisfied the following criteria.</p><br>
<p>The place is important in demonstrating the evolution or pattern of Queensland&apos;s history.</p><br>
<p>The building constructed as the Australian Institute of Tropical Medicine in 1913, was the first tropical institute in Australia, and important in establishing tropical medical research in North Queensland.</p><br>
<p>The building was one of a group of international Institutes of Tropical Medicine, and its research was recognised internationally.</p><br>
<p>The place demonstrates rare, uncommon or endangered aspects of Queensland&apos;s cultural heritage.</p><br>
<p>Although not the first building they used, it was the first building purpose built for this use. Opened in 1913, it is the oldest surviving building in the Townsville General Hospital complex, and the last of that style surviving.</p><br>
<p>The place has a strong or special association with a particular community or cultural group for social, cultural or spiritual reasons.</p><br>
<p>Now part of the James Cook University, it is still in use as a research facility for tropical medicine. The Library, which is substantially intact, contains collections of journals which belonged to Anton Breinl.</p><br>
<p>The place has a special association with the life or work of a particular person, group or organisation of importance in Queensland&apos;s history.</p><br>
<p>The building is significant for its association with the work of Anton Breinl, an exceptional medical scientist who, before his arrival in Australia in 1910, had received awards for his contribution to tropical medical research. During his time as director of the Australian Institute of Tropical Medicine, Breinl instigated research into many tropical diseases, identifying several and, along with other team members, developed treatment for many of the diseases which plagued early settlers in North Queensland.</p><br>
<p>Roaring Brook Falls is a waterfall in the southwestern hills of Cheshire, Connecticut in the Northeastern United States. Formed as the eponymous Roaring Brook descends a wooded cliffside on West Mountain, the waterfall is an 80-foot horsetail and ranks as one of the tallest in the state.</p><br>
<h2>History and conservation</h2><br>
<p>Recovered arrowheads suggest that Algonquian Native Americans frequented the vicinity of Roaring Brook Falls prior to the arrival of settlers from the Connecticut Colony. Beginning as early as the 17th century, the surrounding landscape was clear-cut for agriculture and the falls were harnessed to power a stream-side mill. By the late 1800s, Roaring Brook Falls had become something of a local landmark with visitors from the nearby city of New Haven touring the area and enjoying the scenery.</p><br>
<p>The property encompassing the waterfall was still privately owned in 1974 when concerned locals discovered that it might be sold for development. Significant efforts were launched to save the property and, by 1978, the waterfall and surrounding forest was cooperatively preserved by the Town of Cheshire and the Cheshire Land Trust.</p><br>
<p>Great Northern Hotel is a heritage-listed hotel at 500 Flinders Street, Townsville CBD, City of Townsville, Queensland, Australia. It was designed by Tunbridge & Tunbridge and built from 1900 to 1901. It was added to the Queensland Heritage Register on 21 October 1992.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>The Great Northern Hotel, a large, two-storeyed brick and timber hotel, was erected in 1900-1901 for Townsville timber firm Wilson Hart & Company, owners of the site. It was designed by prominent Townsville architects Tunbridge and Tunbridge.</p><br>
<p>The application to build the Great Northern Hotel appears to have been initiated following the Queensland Government&#39;s announcement in 1900 of plans to erect a new Townsville railway terminus on land off Blackwood Street beside Ross Creek, which would bring the terminus closer to the eastern end of Flinders Street and to the retail and business heart of Townsville. Almost immediately (June 1900), applications were lodged to erect hotels on two corners of the nearby intersection of Flinders and Blackwood Streets - one being the Great Northern, the other replacing an existing hotel (possible the Newmarket Hotel). Both applicants intended to erect first-class hotels, both argued that Townsville suffered a lack of first-class accommodation - the hotels erected during the boom of the 1880s no longer offering the level of comfort and facilities required by turn-of-the-century travellers - and both applications were approved provided the buildings were erected within the time specified (9 months in each case). Only the Great Northern came to fruition, and when opened early in 1901, was marketed as the hotel closest to the new Townsville terminus of the Great Northern Railway - hence the name of the hotel.</p><br>
<p>The architects, Tunbridge & Tunbridge, designed a first class brick and timber hotel of 36 bedrooms, estimated to cost between £8,000 and £9,000. The Tunbridge brothers (Walter Howard and Oliver Allan) had entered into partnership in Townsville in 1887, and soon developed a substantial North Queensland architectural practice with offices in Charters Towers and later Rockhampton. Tunbridge and Tunbridge designed many Townsville hotels, including the Metropole (1887), Victoria Park (1896), Lowth&#39;s (1897 - demolished), Victoria Bridge (1900 - demolished), Empire (1901), Sovereign (1904) and Carriers Arms (1906 - demolished).</p><br>
<p>Although work on preparing the Blackwood Street site for the new railway terminus was underway in 1900, the station building was not erected until 1914. Despite this delay, the Great Northern Hotel proved popular with travellers from its opening. Designed and run as a first-class hotel, the Great Northern offered a high standard of service, good food, comfortable airy bedrooms and spacious public rooms. It also played a major role in the social life of the growing town. As with most early hotels in Australia, the Great Northern was a place for the community to meet and socialise, and for nearly a century the hotel has remained a popular drinking venue and prominent and well-known element of the city townscape.</p><br>
<h2>Description</h2><br>
<p>The Great Northern Hotel is located on a prominent corner site at the intersection of Flinders and Blackwood Streets, within an historic precinct which includes the 1914 Townsville railway station and oval lawn, garden and mature trees, the 1932 Newmarket Hotel on the opposite corner, and the vista towards Castle Hill.</p><br>
<p>The Great Northern Hotel is a substantial two-storeyed, L-shaped brick building with facades to Flinders and Blackwood Streets. It has a corrugated-iron roof, hidden behind a parapet decorated with classical motifs. Wide verandahs with bullnose roofing, cast-iron balustrading and friezes and a wooden valance on the lower level, adorn both street frontages. The timber verandah posts on the ground floor are decorated with fluted columns and capitals, and leadlight glass is a feature of the street level windows.</p><br>
<p>Internally the building remains largely intact, despite some refurbishment of the Flinders Street wing of the ground floor, which contains the public bars. At this eastern end part of the ground floor has been converted into two shops and one has been reconstructed to form part of a second bar area. The main entrance doors in the Flinders Street wing have been replaced with aluminium and the bars refurbished.</p><br>
<p>The main door of the hotel addresses Blackwood Street, closest to the railway station and leading to the reception, dining and accommodation areas of the hotel. This entrance retains its original timber joinery and sidelights and opens into a foyer with the original timber dado panelling. To the left of this foyer is the original office and office furniture. The former dining room to the right has been converted into a reception room and a new dining room opened in a room through the leadlight doors at the back of the foyer. The main internal staircase, rising from the Blackwood Street foyer, has well- crafted turned timber balusters and above the landing is a feature window with early leadlight central panes.</p><br>
<p>Upstairs, there has been little alteration to the fabric of the building. The ceilings and most of the bedroom partition walls are the original tongue and groove boarding (horizontally-jointed on the walls). Many of the original fretwork panels above the internal doors survive, while others have been replaced with glass or timber. The upstairs rooms are accessed from a T-shaped hallway with decorative masonry archways at regular intervals, and each bedroom has French doors opening onto front or rear verandahs.</p><br>
<h2>Heritage listing</h2><br>
<p>Great Northern Hotel was listed on the Queensland Heritage Register on 21 October 1992 having satisfied the following criteria.</p><br>
<p>The place is important in demonstrating the evolution or pattern of Queensland&apos;s history.</p><br>
<p>The Great Northern Hotel, erected 1900-01 in anticipation of the extension east to Blackwood Street of the Townsville railway terminus, illustrates the pattern of Queensland&#39;s history.</p><br>
<p>The place has potential to yield information that will contribute to an understanding of Queensland&apos;s history.</p><br>
<p>It is a well-preserved building valued by the local community and visitors alike as a symbol of tropical Townsville, and has the potential to contribute significantly to further study of Queensland hotel architecture.</p><br>
<p>The place is important in demonstrating the principal characteristics of a particular class of cultural places.</p><br>
<p>The Great Northern Hotel survives as a good example of its type, demonstrating the principal characteristics of a two-storeyed brick verandahed hotel with elaborate external cast-iron decorative detailing, most commonly found in tropical Australia. It exemplifies the gracious, slower early 20th century lifestyle of the western landowners and travellers for whom it was built, and survives as Townsville&#39;s finest example of this style of architecture.</p><br>
<p>The place is important because of its aesthetic significance.</p><br>
<p>The aesthetically pleasing facade in particular survives remarkably intact, and its decorative detailing, combined with the substantial scale of the building and its prominent corner position, make a strong contribution to the streetscape of Flinders Street, and to the townscape of Townsville.</p><br>
<p>The place has a strong or special association with a particular community or cultural group for social, cultural or spiritual reasons.</p><br>
<p>The building has functioned as a hotel and performed a strong social role in the life of the Townsville community for close to a century, and as such has a strong association for Townsville residents with their social history. It is a well-preserved building valued by the local community and visitors alike as a symbol of tropical Townsville, and has the potential to contribute significantly to further study of Queensland hotel architecture.</p><br>
<p>The Kasereck, at, is one of the highest peaks of the Schladming Tauern and thus also the Lower Tauern. It is the most prominent summit on the crest that runs from the Hochgolling southwards and separates the valleys of Göriachtal in the west and Lessachtal in the east.</p><br>
<p>Geographically this mountain lies in Salzburg state and is most easily climbed from Göriach in the Lungau.</p><br>
<p>Below the mountain nestles the lake of Piendlsee. The easiest ascent runs from the Göriacher Winkel from the Piendlalm via the Piendlsee and the southwest arête and west flank to the top.</p><br>
<p>Pindlsee in Hintergöriach.jpgPiendlsee</p><br>
<p>Kasereck mit umliegenden Gipfeln von Mauterndorf aus gesehen.jpgThe Kasereck and surrounding peaks - May 2007</p><br>
<h2>Neighbouring summits</h2><br>
<p>Kreuzhöhe</p><br>
<p>Kampelfenster</p><br>
<p>Wirriegelhöhe</p><br>
<p>Weißhöhe</p><br>
<p>Hochgolling</p><br>
<p>Hocheck</p><br>
<p>Lesshöhe</p><br>
<p>Gensgitsch</p><br>
<p>Gummaberg</p><br>
<p>The Kaltwasserkarspitze is a mountain in the Hinterautal-Vomper Chain and, at m, is the fourth highest peak in the Karwendel mountains in Austria after the Birkkarspitze, Middle and Eastern Ödkarspitze. The Kaltwasserkarspitze is the eastern neighbour of the Birkkarspitze, its rugged summit dropping in a steep rock face to the valley of Kleiner Ahornboden. A long arête heads south from the mountain, on which are the Sägezähne  and the Großer Heißenkopf and which separates the Östliche Birkkar from the Raukarl.</p><br>
<p>The mountain was first climbed in 1870 by Hermann von Barth.</p><br>
<h2>Ascent</h2><br>
<p>The Kaltwasserkarspitze is not easy to reach. All routes involve sections of UIAA climbing grade II:</p><br>
<p>From the Hinterau valley up the south arête, crossing of the Großer Heißenkopf and the Sägezähne</p><br>
<p>From the Hinterau valley through the Birkkarklamm gorge and the Östliche Birkkar</p><br>
<p>From Karwendelhaus via the Hochjöchl saddle</p><br>
<p>From Kleiner Ahornboden via the Sauissköpfl, Western Moserkarscharte col and through the Raukarl to the south arête</p><br>
<p>The Ödkarspitzen are three peaks in the Karwendel mountains in the Austrian state of Tyrol in the Hinterautal-Vomper Chain between the ultra-prominent mountain of Birkkarspitze in the east and the Marxenkarspitze in the west. The highest of the summits is the Middle Ödkarspitze  with a height of. The Western Ödkarspitze  is high and the Eastern Ödkarspitze  is high.</p><br>
<p>A waymarked and, in places, protected mountain path, that requires sure-footedness and a head for heights, leads to the summit. The Karwendelhaus may be used in summer as the base for an ascent. The usual route is via the cirque of Schlauchkar and the saddle of the same name. The crossing of all three summits is popular, the Brendelsteig path west of the Western Ödkarspitze being used as an alternative route to return to the Karwendelhaus.</p><br>
<h2>Literature</h2><br>
<p></revision></p><br>
<p>Palace Priuli Ballan is a stately building example of Venetian villa situated in Piove di Sacco , located at number 20 of Via Borgo Rossi. </p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>The palace is situated just outside the historical center of Piove di Sacco, outside of boundary channel, in the district that now is called Borgo Rossi once Contrà Santa Giustina and along the road leading to the village Arzerello. The first mention of the complex is reported in a "declaration of the cadastral value" that dates back to 1518 and in which it is cited Alvise Priuli was Nicholas who owns a two-storey building in addition to the ground floor.</p><br>
<p>The "barchesse" (wings) and the oratory, dates back to a later period, they are mentioned in a document of the mid-1700s by Andrea Gloria who speaks of "the opulent Priuli with large adjacent factories, garden and shady avenues."</p><br>
<h2>Recent history</h2><br>
<p>Like many villas and historic buildings, the palace was used during the third war of independence from the Austrian army and as a military hospital during the First World War. In 1940 it was seriously damaged by a fire which it made it unsafe. The restoration was carried out in collaboration with the Superintendency for Cultural Property, by the Bastianello Family of Padua at the time owner of the building, who lived in it for a short period. Later during the Second World War, has provided accommodation to some displaced people, was used as a command of the German troops and even as a warehouse. They remain as testimony, writings and pencil drawings visible on some walls of the oratory. Since the end of the war until 1957, it was used as offices and tobacco warehouse. It is currently owned by the family Ballan of Piove di Sacco and is occasionally used for meetings at cultural or convivial character.</p><br>
<h2>Building description</h2><br>
<p>The complex consists of a central body, two lateral "barchesse" (wings), a chapel, a park and from the remains of a hemicycle situated at the front. The main building has a rectangular plan and is on three floors. The structure is typical of the Venetian Villas. Is made up of a through-hall onto which overlook symmetrically the doors of the side rooms, by a monumental staircase with pincer form leading to the main floor which has a similar shape.</p><br>
<p>A service staircase leads to the second floor that was probably inhabited by the servitude and used occasionally from the property in the cooler months. Front of the building along the highway, lies what remains of an exedra which once was an integral part of the complex and of which now remains only a niche where there is a statue which is said to represent Hercules. Now this annexe is not owned, has lost most of the ornaments of which was composed and is detached from the park which is located in the back of the villa and that instead still keeps six well-preserved statues positioned over the original foundations. These statues, paired two by two, constituted the entrance of the three avenues penetrating into the Italian park that now no longer present.</p><br>
<h2>Barchesse (wings)</h2><br>
<p>The two lateral "barchesse" are like two large open wings detached from the main structure. These adjacencies are on three floors. The facades that protrude toward the villa are marked by seven arches covered with ashlar while the arches that face the highway are enriched in the keystone with masks and seals.</p><br>
<h2>The oratory</h2><br>
<p>Built on the north wing of the palace, and with an entrance that looks out on the highway, it is the oratory consecrated in 1713 and dedicated to St. Andrew the Apostle and Holy Elizabeth and Elena. It presents both outside and inside shapes almost perfectly intact. Inside it still preserves the demarcation which previously limited the space reserved for the hosts from the servitude. The main element is the baroque altar inlaid with colored marble that finds its twin in a similar side altar situated in the Cathedral dedicated to the Virgin Mary and that is located on the island of Krk in Croatia.</p><br>
<p></revision></p><br>
<p>Fort Plain Historic District is a national historic district located at Fort Plain in Montgomery County, New York. It encompasses 536 contributing buildings, 2 contributing sites, 1 contributing structure, and 2 contributing objects in the central business district and surrounding residential sections of the village of Fort Plain. It developed between about 1786 and 1938, and includes notable examples of Federal, Greek Revival, Gothic Revival, Italianate, Second Empire, Queen Anne, and Beaux-Arts style architecture. Located in the district is the separately listed United States Post Office. Other notable contributing resources include the Red Mill , Firemen&#39;s Home , Methodist Church , Baptist Church , Reformed Church , high school , Nellis Memorial Chapel, Watkins Block , Montgomery Hall , Wick Block , Village Hall , and Fort Plain Cemetery .</p><br>
<p>Note: This includes</p><br>
<p>It was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 2012.</p><br>
<p>The Beech Hill Preserve is a conservation property in Rockport, Maine. Its 295 acre include the summit of Beech Hill, one of the few bare-topped hills in the area. Its features include forested lower slopes, a commercial blueberry operation, and a 1913 Norwegian sod-roofed hut at the summit of the hill. It has been protected by conservation easements since 1987, and is now owned and managed by the Coastal Mountains Land Trust. The hut, its access road, and the gate on Beech Hill Road were listed on the National Register of Historic Places as the Beechnut Hill Historic District in 2003.</p><br>
<h2>Description</h2><br>
<p>Beech Hill is located about 1.5 mi south of downtown Rockport. The hill, whose summit is 533 ft above sea level, is located in the northern part of the L-shaped preserve, which is bordered on the south by Rockville Street, the west by South Street, and the north by Beech Hill Road. The southern portion of the preserve is wooded, with a public hiking trail whose trailhead is on Rockville Street. The summit area of Beech Hill is grassy, and is accessed via a dirt road (not open to vehicular traffic) from Beech Hill Road. At the base of the road are a pair of stone piers, which originally held massive timber gates. These were built in 1913-15 by landscape architect Hans Heisted, along with the road and the hut at the summit. The road is laid out to reveal gradually more impressive views of the surrounding countryside as one ascends, culminating in views of Penobscot Bay.</p><br>
<p>The hut at the top of the hill is a stone structure, with a sod roof and an east-facing veranda supported by stone piers. Its interior is divided into four rooms, one large space and three smaller ones, all with stone dividers. A wooden water tank, originally fed by a pump house, is obscured within the structure. The building has occasionally been subject to vandalism, but documentary photographs have been used to restore it to very near its as-built condition. A circular stone garden is set in front of the hut.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>The preserve&#39;s hilltop features were built in 1913-15 by Hans Heisted, a Norwegian immigrant, for the Gribbel family as a summer picnic and leisure spot. The Gribbels had started acquiring land on the hill in 1909, and eventually accumulated holdings of more than 300 acre. The area that makes up the Beech Hill Preserve, some 295 acre, were subjected to a conservation easement in 1986, and were acquired in 2003 by the Maine Coast Heritage Trust, which transferred it three years later to the Coastal Mountains Land Trust. A roughly 12 acre area of the preserve was listed on the National Register in 2003.</p><br>
<p>The Manley-Lefevre House is a historic house at 1161 Dorset West Road in Dorset, Vermont. Built out of marble about 1820 and sympathetically enlarged 1908-27, it is the centerpiece of a 100 acre farm estate that is now home to the Marble House Project, an arts organization offering residencies. The property was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1990.</p><br>
<h2>Description and history</h2><br>
<p>The Manley-Lefevre House stands on the west side of Dorset West Road, about 2 mi south of Dorset village. The main house is a 2-1/2 structure, its walls and foundations built out of marble quarried either on the property or in West Rutland. The original main block is built out of ashlar stone, 20 in thick, laid in irregular courses. It has a side gable roof, with brick chimneys built into the marble end walls. The front entrance retains original period flanking sidelights. The interior reflects significant alterations made in the early decades of the 20th century. Sympathetic additions extend to the rear of the original house.</p><br>
<p>The property includes a number of outbuildings, most of which have been either added or adapted for use as artist residences or studios. A portion of the larger property is in agricultural use, and hiking trails lead to the quarries from which stone for the original house was taken.</p><br>
<p>The main house was built sometime before 1820 by Martin Manley, on land originally purchased by his father George. The ashlar marble used in its construction was probably finished on site, while dressed trim elements where probably finished at a marble works in South Dorset. The Manleys quarry, later known as the Sanford Quarry, was one of Dorsets major quarries until its closure in the 1870s, its product shipped throughout the eastern United States.</p><br>
<p>In 1908 the Manley property was purchased by Edwin Lefevre, Sr., who commissioned New York City architect Eugene Lang to design additions and updates to the house, and retained garden designer Charles Downing Lay to design the gardens that surround the house. Lay prominently featured this work in his 1926 book, The Freedom of the City. Lefevre, the son of a Central American diplomat, was an author and entrepreneur, who established the first electric company providing power to Dorset.</p><br>
<p>The Commercial House is a historic hotel located at the intersection of 5th and Main Streets in Keithsburg, Illinois. William J. Patterson built the hotel to be his own house in 1849; however, he sold it within the year and it became a hotel. The hotel has an Italianate design which features segmental arched windows with ornamental hoods and a low hip roof with bracketed eaves. At the time of the hotels construction, Keithsburg was the Mercer County seat, and the hotel hosted both visitors on political business and travelers on the Mississippi River. While the county seat moved to Aledo in 1857, the hotel still thrived on commercial traffic spurred by the river trade and the local sawmill industry. Both commercial activity in Keithsburg and the hotels fortunes declined in the twentieth century, though the hotel enjoyed some success with recreational travelers.</p><br>
<p>The hotel was added to the National Register of Historic Places on May 9, 1983.</p><br>
<p>The Keithsburg Historic District is a historic commercial district encompassing four blocks at the center of Keithsburg, Illinois. The district includes 17 buildings, 15 of which are contributing buildings to its historic nature; all but two of the buildings were historically used for commercial purposes. Two of the districts buildings, the Commercial House and the Masonic Lodge, date to the 1840s and 1850s, when Keithsburg was the Mercer County seat; the remainder of the contributing buildings were built in the late 19th and early 20th centuries. The buildings are mainly one- and two-story brick structures, and many are adorned with metal storefronts, window hoods, and cornices. The districts collection of commercial buildings are representative of Keithsburg&#39;s role as a small but prosperous Mississippi River port and regional trade center prior to the rise of the automobile.</p><br>
<p>The district was added to the National Register of Historic Places on May 8, 1986.</p><br>
<p>Since listing, the following properties have been demolished (numbers from listing):</p><br>
<p>1.Pease Building</p><br>
<p>2. Wade Building</p><br>
<p>4. Bushong Building</p><br>
<p>11. Bettler Block</p><br>
<p>14. Henderson Building</p><br>
<p>15. Citizens&#39; State Bank</p><br>
<p>17. Elliott Building</p><br>
<p>Of the remainder, all but #5, part of #12, and #16 are vacant and derelict.</p><br>
<p>The Dill School is a historic school building in rural Cleburne County, Arkansas. It is located a short way north of the village of Ida, on the west side of Arkansas Highway 5/25. It is a single story stone structure, with a broad hip roof. It has a pair of entrances sheltered by an arched projection that extends above the roof line. The northern support column of the portico is marked by a stone indicating the year of construction , and that it was built with funding from the National Youth Administration. The building was used as a school until 1948, when its student population was consolidated into adjacent school districts. It has since seen a variety of other uses.</p><br>
<p>The building was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1994.</p><br>
<p>The Pike–Fletcher–Terry House, also known as just the Terry Mansion and now the Community Gallery at the Terry House, is a historic house at 8th and Rock Streets in central Little Rock, Arkansas. It is a large two story Greek Revival building, whose grounds occupy the western end of a city block bounded by Rock, 8th, and 7th Streets. Its most prominent feature is its north-facing six-column Greek temple portico. The house was built in 1840 for Albert Pike, a leading figure in Arkansas territorial and early state history. It has also been home to John Fletcher, a prominent Little Rock businessman and American Civil War veteran, and David D. Terry, Fletchers son-in-law and also a prominent Arkansas politician. The house is now owned by the Arkansas Arts Center, which uses it has an art gallery and event space.</p><br>
<p>The house was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1972.</p><br>
<p>Squirrel Hollow County Park is located along the North Raccoon River southeast of Jefferson, Iowa, United States. It was established in 1934, and it is the second oldest county park in the state of Iowa. The 60 acre park is bordered on two sides by a 147 acre wildlife management area. Both are managed by the Greene County Conservation Board. They are open from April 1 to November 1 and feature facilities for camping, fishing, canoeing, kayaking, hiking, picnicking, and equestrian camping and trails. The park was listed as a historic district on the National Register of Historic Places in 1991.</p><br>
<h2>Historic district</h2><br>
<p>Ten park structures are included in the historic district, of which three are contributing buildings and seven are contributing structures. They were designed by the Central Design Office at Iowa State College, now Iowa State University, and built by the Civil Works Administration, Works Progress Administration, and the Public Works Administration between 1934 and 1936. The three buildings are a shelter house and two latrines. The 36 by shelter house features old mill stones in the center of the concrete floor. The structures include two fireplaces located east of the shelter house, the stone retaining wall on the east bank of the Raccoon River, two entrance portals along the county access road, a ball diamond, and the gravel road system.</p><br>
<p>Denton Homestead is a historic home located at East Rockaway in Nassau County, New York. It was built as a tavern about 1795, and is a 1 1/2-story, five bay, center hall plan, vernacular Colonial style frame dwelling. The Denton family bought it in 1808 and converted to a residential farmhouse. It has a side gable roof and a hipped roof addition added after the house was moved to its present location in 1924. The front facade features a full width, shed roofed front porch. The interior features some Colonial Revival style design elements. Also on the property is a contributing carriage house . The house is a rare surviving former tavern and farmhouse from the village’s early period.</p><br>
<p>Note: This includes</p><br>
<p>It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2014.</p><br>
<p>Old Glen Cove Post Office is a historic post office building located at Glen Cove in Nassau County, New York. It was designed by Stephen Voorhees, then with the architecture firm Eidlitz & McKenzie, and built in 1905. It is a three-story Tudor Revival influenced building. It measures 36 feet wide and 70 feet deep, with a rear addition constructed in 1915. The first floor facade is brick, while the two upper stories have applied timbers with stucco infill and French casement windows. The original Glen Cove Post Office building was replaced with the existing building on 2 Glen Street in 1932. The old post office is now the headquarters of the architectural firm.</p><br>
<p>Note: This includes</p><br>
<p>It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2010.</p><br>
<p>Sétifis , was a town of in Roman in northeastern Algeria. It was capital of the Roman era province, and is today Setif in Sétif Province, Algeria.</p><br>
<p>Sitifis was officially Colonia Augusta Nerviana Martialis Veteranorum Sitifensium, and from the time of Diocletian, (293 A.D.), was the capital of Mauretania Sitifensis (now eastern Algeria). Today vestiges of the third century and fourth century include city walls, temple, circus, mausoleum and "Scipio" Byzantine fortress. Numerous archaeological artifacts are exhibited at the archaeological museum of the city.</p><br>
<p>The name of the city, is of Numidian origin and in Berber means "black" (aseṭṭaf). The modern city was founded by the French on the ruins of the ancient one.</p><br>
<p>On the northwest edge of the town two great Christian basilicas were built at the end of the fourth century, decorated, again, with splendid mosaics, and a Bishopric was founded at this time.</p><br>
<p>The city had a bath house fortifications The inhabitants made inscriptions to the emperors a practise that falls out in the 4th century with the rise of Christianity. The city also has a Circus the approximate location confirmed by old air photographs showing 90% of the circus has now been built over; only the southern, curved, end remains visible. The U-shaped formerly visible track was c450m long and c70m wide.</p><br>
<p>In 647 AD the first Muslim expedition to Africa took place and by 700 AD, the area had been fully conquered.</p><br>
<h2>Bishopric</h2><br>
<p>The city was also the center of a bishopric. The diocese effectively ceased with the Islamic invasion, but remains a titular see to the current day. Bishops known to us include:</p><br>
<p>Novutus(Donatist)</p><br>
<p>Unnamed Donatist bishop</p><br>
<p>Lucullas (Catholic)</p><br>
<p>Alexis Lemaître, (24 Feb 1911 Appointed - 28 Jul 1920 Appointed, Coadjutor Archbishop of Carthage)</p><br>
<p>Joanny Thévenoud, (8 Jul 1921 Appointed - 16 Sep 1949)</p><br>
<p>André-Maurice Parenty (9 Mar 1950 Appointed - 23 Nov 1983)</p><br>
<p>Armando Xavier Ochoa (23 Dec 1986 Appointed - 1 Apr 1996 Bishop of El Paso, Texas)</p><br>
<p>Manuel Felipe Díaz Sánchez (27 Feb 1997 Appointed - 4 Apr 2000 Bishop of Carúpano)</p><br>
<p>John Choi Young-su (22 Dec 2000 Appointed - 3 Feb 2006 Appointed, Coadjutor Archbishop of Daegu )</p><br>
<p>Broderick Soncuaco Pabillo (24 May 2006 Appointed - )</p><br>
<p>The Old Scarborough High School is a historic former school building at 272 United States Route 1 in Scarborough, Maine. Built in 1926 as the town&#39;s first dedicated high school building, this Georgian Revival building is now part of Bessey Commons, an assisted living facility. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2007. The current Scarborough High School is located on Municipal Drive.</p><br>
<h2>Description and history</h2><br>
<p>Scarboroughs former high school building is located on the western edge of the towns central village, just east of the Maine Veterans&#39; Home on the south side of United States Route 1. it is a flat-roofed brick building, with a three-story central section flanked by two-story wings. A modern residential wing has been attached at its eastern end via a hyphen. The central section is seven bays wide, with entrances at the outer bays, flanked by square pilasters supporting an entablature. The entrances are topped on the second level by round windows. The middle bays are set in recessed round-arch sections, with windows at the basement and main floor levels separated by paneling. The third floor is separated from the others by a stone beltcourse, and has short windows in the middle five bays.</p><br>
<p>Scarborough&#39;s earliest high school classes were educated in facilities of the town hall, and were moved in 1905 to the upper floor of a new school building. Continued growth prompted the local decision to build a dedicated structure in the 1920s. This building was designed by the Portland architectural firm Miller, Mayo & Beal, and was completed in 1926. It served the town as its high school until 1954, when the current high school was opened. It was then converted into a junior high school, and named in honor of former high school principal Elwood Bessey. It served as a junior high school until 1961, and then as an elementary school until 2006. It has since been adapted as part of an assisted living facility.</p><br>
<p>The Lincoln National Bank is a historic bank building located at 219 Main Street in Hamlin, West Virginia. The building was constructed circa 1907 during an oil and gas boom that bolstered Lincoln Countys population and economy. The bank occupied the first floor of the building, while the second floor was used by the towns Masonic lodge. The two-story stone building has a temple front which features stone pilasters and a raking cornice, typical features of Classical Revival architecture. At the time, the Classical Revival style was widely used in banks to convey strength and dignity as banking recovered from the Panic of 1893 and a subsequent loss of consumer trust. The bank operated from the building until 1961, when they sold it to the Masonic lodge; the lodge leased the first floor to the town&#39;s police department until the 1980s and now occupies the entire building.</p><br>
<p>The building was added to the National Register of Historic Places on November 24, 2015.</p><br>
<p>The Summers House is a historic house located at 805 Loudon Heights Road in Charleston, West Virginia. Elizabeth and Okey Summers had the house built circa 1939; Elizabeth was active in theater, while Okey was a prominent local banker. The house was part of Charlestons upper-class South Hills neighborhood, and its site was a former stone quarry that was solid rock prior to the houses construction; the sandstone from the quarry was used as the houses building material. Architect Charles A. Havilant, a prolific local architect responsible for many of the citys homes and civic institutions, designed the Tudor Revival home. The house lacks many of the typical characteristics of Tudor architecture, such as a steep roof and half-timbering, due to Elizabeth&#39;s preference and the limitations of the site; its prominent features include tall chimneys, casement windows with diamond-shaped leaded glass panels, and a cathedral ceiling.</p><br>
<p>The house was added to the National Register of Historic Places on November 24, 2015.</p><br>
<p>The A. J. and Emma E. Thomas Coley House  is a historic residence in Alexander City, Alabama. The house was built by A. J. Coley, a physician who was born near Alex City in 1858. After studying medicine in Philadelphia and New York City, Coley</p><br>
<p>returned to Alabama and married Emma E. Thomas. In 1895, the couple built their house in Queen Anne style, a popular style for houses in the late 19th century. Coley served as mayor of Alex City from 1902–1903. In 1909 Coley sold the house to another physician, James Adrian Googan, who used it as his residence and an infirmary. Except during World War II, when it was subdivided into apartments, it has been maintained as a single-family home since Googan&#39;s death in 1920.</p><br>
<p>A shed roofed porch stretches across the first floor of the façade, and wraps part way around each side. The porch is supported by pairs of round columns, and has a decorative pediment over the entryway. Pairs of one-over-one sash windows flank the front door, which is surrounded by a transom and sidelights. Two pedimented gables dominate the second floor of the façade, with similar gables on the rear of the house and a single gable on each side. The interior is laid out in a traditional center-hall plan, with four large rooms on each floor in the front of the house, and smaller rooms towards the rear.</p><br>
<p>The house was listed on the Alabama Register of Landmarks and Heritage in 1989 and the National Register of Historic Places in 1991.</p><br>
<p>New York, Ontario & Western Railway Company Middletown Station, also known as the O&W Station, is a historic train station located at Middletown in Orange County, New York. It was designed by Bradford Gilbert and built in 1892-1893 by the New York, Ontario and Western Railway. It is a three-story Richardsonian Romanesque style pressed brick and sandstone building. It measures approximately 237 ft long and has towers at the north and south end. Additions and alterations were made to the original building in 1904 and 1920 and designed by Middletown architect David H. Canfield. Also on the property is the contributing two-story records storage building built in 1915. The station closed in 1957.</p><br>
<p>Note: This includes</p><br>
<p>It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2014,</p><br>
<p>The Old Central Fire Station is a historic former fire station at 506 Main Street in North Little Rock, Arkansas. It is a two story brick building, with a three-bay front facade dominated by a large equipment bay on the ground floor, now enclosed by glass doors. The building, whose construction date is not known, was acquired by the city in 1904, shortly after its incorporation, and initially housed city offices, the jail, and the fire station. In 1914 the town offices were moved to North Little Rock City Hall, and in 1923 the buildings original two equipment bays were replaced by one. The horse stalls were also removed, as the new equipment was powered by gasoline engines. The building served as the citys main fire station until 1961.</p><br>
<p>The building was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1977.</p><br>
<p>The Samuel Lawson Dowling House is a historic residence in Ozark, Alabama. The house was built in 1870 by Samuel Lawson Dowling, whose family was one of the first groups to settle in Dale County, Alabama. Lawson&#39;s grandfather, Dempsey, was a Methodist minister who came to the Wiregrass Region from Darlington County, South Carolina, and helped found the Claybank Church near Ozark. Samuel was a farmer, County Treasurer, and construction contractor who built the first Methodist church in town.</p><br>
<p>The house is similar in style to a Tidewater-type cottage, which was popular on the Atlantic coastal plain where many of Dale County&#39;s early settlers came from. Being built just before the railroad came to Ozark, it was one of the first architecturally styled homes in the area; most previous houses were log structures that emphasized function over form. The single-story house is five bays wide, with a steeply pitched gable roof and exterior chimneys in the gable ends. A shallow porch covers the front door, which features a transom and sidelights, and a pair of six-over-one sash windows on either side of the door. The windows were originally six-over-six sashes, but were replaced around 1920. The interior is laid out in a center-hall plan, with two large rooms at the front of the house on either side of a hallway, and two smaller rooms behind. A two-room ell was added to the rear of the home around 1900.</p><br>
<p>The house was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1996.</p><br>
<p>Barcaldine Masonic Temple is a heritage-listed masonic temple at 39 Beech Street, Barcaldine, Barcaldine Region, Queensland, Australia. It was built in 1900. It is also known as Comet Masonic Temple. It was added to the Queensland Heritage Register on 21 October 1992.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>The Masonic temple at Barcaldine was constructed in 1901 as the second temple of the Comet Lodge, the first having been moved from Dingo Creek in stages following the growth of the railway line.</p><br>
<p>Freemasonry spread from New South Wales into Queensland in individual lodges. The first Freemason&#39;s lodge in Queensland was established in 1859, shortly before Separation from New South Wales. New lodges were formed as settlement spread and freemasonry was carried along newly built roads and railways by Masons who were working on them. In 1876 Robert Ballard, Chief Engineer with the Central Western Railway pushing westwards from Rockhampton and a handful of other Masons, established the Comet Lodge No 1680 at Dingo Creek. The lodge is possibly unique in that it holds its warrant almost 300 miles (kilometers) away from the town for which it was granted. The railway workers who were members carried their building with them, dismantling it and moving it in railway trucks to be bolted together again in a new settlement as work progressed. In this manner it moved to the new railway camp at Cometville in 1878, Emerald in 1879, Bogantungan in 1881, Pine Hill in 1883, Jericho in 1885 and finally came to rest in Barcaldine in 1886. It was then refurbished.</p><br>
<p>A new and larger temple was constructed in 1900 for a cost of £720 and is said to have been based on the original. It was dedicated in 1901 and continued to make an important contribution to the life of the town as a venue for social interaction. Conservation work was undertaken on the building in the early 1980s, when the painted "masonry" effect on the facade was reinstated.</p><br>
<h2>Description</h2><br>
<p>The masonic temple is located on the west side of Beech Street, Barcaldine. It is a two storey, timber framed building set on low stumps with a gambrel corrugated iron clad roof with triangular dormers on the north and south sides. The exterior is clad plainly in vertical corrugated iron on the back and sides.</p><br>
<p>The most striking feature of the building is the elaborate treatment of the front, which is clad with horizontal timber boards painted to mimic ashlar masonry. The gable facing the front has scalloped barge boards and finials. The facade is divided into three bays by fluted timber pilasters supporting a scalloped entablature below the eave. It has a central entrance sheltered by a pediment porch and flanked by sash windows. The upper storey has high round arched windows to each bay. The sides of the building have large windows on the ground floor and small high openings on the floor above.</p><br>
<p>The interior is clad with tongue and groove timber boards and is very intact, retaining the original colour schemes. The ground floor, which is used as a supper room, exhibits a brown dado with hand painted floral frieze. Above this are horizontal tongue and groove boards painted ochre yellow. The room has a series of shallow arched enclosed beams supporting the upper floor. At the rear of the ground floor there are ancillary rooms situated in either corner. Between them is a central entrance which has a section of hit and miss flooring, presumably for the clearing of mud from boots.</p><br>
<p>From here a timber stair with a simple slatted balustrade rises in an L form to the upper floor landing off which a dressing room opens directly into the lodge room. This has partially curved ceilings that rise to a boarded ceiling set between moulded ribs which spring from mock pilasters at the side walls. The ceiling between has been lined with what appears to be "caneite" sheet. The wall panels are a mix of horizontal and diagonal boards set above a simple dado. It is lit only by small high windows down the sides and by the three semicircular windows at the front.</p><br>
<h2>Heritage listing</h2><br>
<p>Barcaldine Masonic Temple was listed on the Queensland Heritage Register on 21 October 1992 having satisfied the following criteria.</p><br>
<p>The place is important in demonstrating the evolution or pattern of Queensland&apos;s history.</p><br>
<p>The Masonic Temple is important in demonstrating the rapid growth of towns along the path of the railway and a reminder of the way in which Freemasonry was established in many western towns by the workers constructing those lines.</p><br>
<p>The place demonstrates rare, uncommon or endangered aspects of Queensland&apos;s cultural heritage.</p><br>
<p>It is a remarkable demonstration of adapting a classical vocabulary to a vernacular style and available materials and the painted mock stonework on the front is a very rare technique in Queensland.</p><br>
<p>The place is important in demonstrating the principal characteristics of a particular class of cultural places.</p><br>
<p>The Barcaldine temple is important as a characteristic and intact example of a regional Masonic temple, a category of building often prominent in both the streetscape and social life of many country towns.</p><br>
<p>The place is important because of its aesthetic significance.</p><br>
<p>The Barcaldine temple is important as a characteristic and intact example of a regional Masonic temple, a category of building often prominent in both the streetscape and social life of many country towns.</p><br>
<p>The place has a strong or special association with a particular community or cultural group for social, cultural or spiritual reasons.</p><br>
<p>The Masonic Temple, Barcaldine, has a special association with both lodge members and with the Freemason&#39;s movement in Queensland.</p><br>
<p>Blackall Masonic Temple is a heritage-listed masonic temple at Hawthorn Street, Blackall, Blackall-Tambo Region, Queensland, Australia. It was built in 1908. It was added to the Queensland Heritage Register on 21 October 1992.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>The Masonic temple is the second temple in and around Blackall and was completed in 1908.</p><br>
<p>Freemasonry spread from New South Wales into Queensland in individual lodges. The first Freemason&#39;s lodge in Queensland was established in 1859, shortly before Separation from New South Wales. New lodges were formed as settlement spread.</p><br>
<p>Blackall was surveyed and gazetted as a town in 1868. It served as a commercial and social centre for pastoral stations in the surrounding area and was the major western town until eclipsed by Barcaldine, which was founded to serve the terminus of the Central Western Railway in 1886. Freemasonry was established in Blackall in May 1887 when a group of seven masons met at the Methodist Church, whose Minister was a Freemason, in order to found a lodge. By the end of the year there were 32 members. The first candidate initiated, James McKenzie, provided a brick building in Short Street to be used as a temple. This was used until 1905-6 when the owner required the building for other purposes. It was demolished in 1958.</p><br>
<p>For a time, the lodge then met at the former Government Lands Office, but this was not convenient and it was decided to construct a new building. A.E. Hewer, R.E. Burton and J.H. Hart donated an acre of land in Hawthorne Street and a two storey building was erected on it. Furniture which is still in use was donated by A.H. Whittingham. The new building was dedicated in May 1908, exactly 21 years after the lodge was first established and cost £1603 including the supply of gas and running water.</p><br>
<p>Members of the lodge were mainly prominent townsmen and managers and overseers from outlying stations such as Mt Marlow, Northampton, Emmet Downs, Terrick Terrick, Ravensbourne and Bloomfield. Attendance at lodge meetings was a major undertaking for many members who had to travel great distances, often over poor or non-existent roads. The fellowship associated with Freemasonry was very important to men living in areas of isolated or scattered settlement or in jobs which were itinerant or seasonal. Lodges hosted social events, contributed to local charities and provided opportunities for local businessmen to meet socially, all of which made an important contribution to the life the town.</p><br>
<p>The temple has remained much as it was when constructed, although new gates and posts were installed in 1987.</p><br>
<h2>Description</h2><br>
<p>Blackall Masonic Lodge is located in the centre of a level site at the corner of Hawthorn and Garden Streets. Its axis runs east west and it faces west and is parallel to Garden Street. It has a rectangular plan form and is two storeyed and supported on timber stumps. It has a gabled roof with a verandah on the north, west and east sides supported by 4" chamfered timber posts at 6&#39; 0" centres. Bougainvillea are located on the north and south sides and at the south west corner of the site. The boundary fence consists of short tubular posts with chain suspended between; this replaced an earlier timber and chain wire fence. The original single rolled steel entrance gate which was located on the axis of the building in Hawthorne Street has been replaced with a set of low double gates which have maintained the rolled steel beehive pattern. What appear to be original gate posts have been relocated inside this gate.</p><br>
<p>The ground floor walls rise to approximately 15&#39; 0" and have an exposed frame 4" x 2" stud wall at 18" centres. Above this and the verandah the upper level is clad in horizontal mini profile corrugated galvanised iron and above this the gables have rusticated boards. Three double hung windows are located in west and north elevations and there are four windows in the south elevation. Each of these have quadrant form hoods in galvanised iron. The roof and verandah are clad in corrugated galvanised iron. A narrow timber stair runs from the upper level across the back of the building.</p><br>
<p>The building is entered via a set of double timber doors centrally located in the west elevation and accentuated by a steep pitched verandah gable over. The entrance opens into a hall that contains a half turn timber stair with landings that rises to the temple on the upper floor. To the south of the entrance is a store room and to the east is the supper room entered through a set of timber double doors. Symmetrically located each side of the supper room are French doors that open out onto the north and south verandahs. The floors are 6" tongue and grooved timber boards. The walls to the supper room are horizontal beaded boards and the ceiling is the exposed heavy joists of the upper floor with herringbone strutting.</p><br>
<p>The stair leads to a landing at the upper floor, off this to the south is a dressing room and to the east is the temple which is accessed through a single timber door. The walls of the temple are lined in horizontal beaded boards. The ceiling is lined in the same material and follows the rafter line to the level of the collar ties and is horizontal from this point. The space is painted in the traditional light blue. The furnishing within the temple consist of side benches for the brethren with a raised dais at the east end which has a shallow curved front with a centrally located Masters chair and a number of bentwood chairs either side. Further to the sides are more substantial chairs to accommodate the immediate Past Master and visiting Masters. Immediately in front of the Master is the altar and to the left is the Secretary/Treasurer. Forward of this is seating for the Senior and Junior Deacons and on the left hand side seating for the Senior and Junior Wardens. At the opposite end of the temple is the Tilers chair and forward of this is the black and white tiled square and sitting on this is the ceremonial tripod supporting a pulley and stone block.</p><br>
<h2>Post Masonic Use</h2><br>
<p>The building ceased usage as a Masonic Temple in 2016. The downstairs area has now been converted to a tea room and antique and art gallery. The upstairs temple has been preserved and guided tours are offered.</p><br>
<h2>Heritage listing</h2><br>
<p>Blackall Masonic Temple was listed on the Queensland Heritage Register on 21 October 1992 having satisfied the following criteria.</p><br>
<p>The place is important in demonstrating the evolution or pattern of Queensland&apos;s history.</p><br>
<p>The Masonic temple is important in demonstrating the development of Blackall in the nineteenth century and the spread of Freemasonry through Queensland in the wake of European settlement.</p><br>
<p>The place is important in demonstrating the principal characteristics of a particular class of cultural places.</p><br>
<p>The Blackall temple is important as a characteristic and intact example of a regional timber Masonic temple, a category of building prominent in the streetscape and important in the social life of many country towns.</p><br>
<p>The place is important because of its aesthetic significance.</p><br>
<p>The Blackall temple is important as a characteristic and intact example of a regional timber Masonic temple, a category of building prominent in the streetscape and important in the social life of many country towns.</p><br>
<p>The place has a strong or special association with a particular community or cultural group for social, cultural or spiritual reasons.</p><br>
<p>The Masonic temple, Blackall, has a special association with those Freemasons living in and around Blackall and with the Freemasonry movement as an early temple in Queensland.</p><br>
<p>The Turner School is a historic school building located at 1410 Broadway in Rockford, Illinois. The school was built in 1898; it was named for city alderman J.M. Turner. Rockford architectural firm Bradley & Carpenter designed the school in a combination of three popular contemporary architectural styles: Classical Revival, Colonial Revival, and Richardsonian Romanesque. The -story building is built from brick with a limestone foundation and a hipped roof. The main entrance is on the south side; the arched entrance is located within a projecting bay with a gabled pediment. The building&#39;s roof includes an octagonal cupola and gabled dormers.</p><br>
<p>After the school closed, the building served as an abortion clinic from 1973 until 2011. In 2015, the building was approved for use as a police station.</p><br>
<p>The building was added to the National Register of Historic Places on December 29, 2015.</p><br>
<p>Charters Towers Masonic Lodge is a heritage-listed masonic temple at 20 Ryan Street, Charters Towers, Charters Towers Region, Queensland, Australia. It was built from 1887 to 1897. It was added to the Queensland Heritage Register on 21 October 1992.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>The Charters Towers Masonic Lodge was constructed in two stages in 1887 and 1896-97. The building is a prominent structure within the city, and is illustrative of the prosperity of Charters Towers in the late nineteenth century, and the importance of the Masons within the local community.</p><br>
<p>Queensland was the last Australian state to have a Freemasons Grand Lodge. The first lodges were established in Brisbane by 1859 and the first lodge in Charters Towers was established on 23 March 1875. Fourteen people were present at the first meeting held at Hishons Hotel. Installing Master, Mr Brodziack of Townsville, installed Gold Warden, WSEM Charters, as the first Worshipful Master. Charters served two terms as Worshipful Master of this first lodge which was known as the Charters Towers Lodge No.1546EC.</p><br>
<p>The first Masonic hall, a small wooden building, was constructed on land in Gill Street which was donated by Mr Brodziack of Townsville. The building soon became too small as more lodges were formed. The St John&#39;s Davenport Lodge No.655SC approached the Charters Towers Lodge to discuss the erection of a new hall. Both lodges pooled resources, formed a company, sold shares to members and purchased the Ryan Street property on 18 September 1876.</p><br>
<p>In 1887 a new single storey hall was constructed on Ryan Street directly behind the Gill Street building. The foundation stone was laid on 30 April 1887 and the new building was dedicated on 16 September 1887 by Worshipful Master Maurice Bennett WM.</p><br>
<p>Two "commodious" shops were constructed on the former lodge site in Gill Street in 1889. Rent from these shops was used to support the work of the Masons in the town, including a yearly bursary of £25 for the education of a child of a member. Funds were also directed to the further development of the Lodge in Ryan Street.</p><br>
<p>In April, 1896 the Northern Miner stated that work had begun on the construction of a second floor to the Masonic Lodge. An article in the North Queensland Register on 18 June 1897 reported that construction of the second storey was completed.</p><br>
<p>Several grand lodges were established in Charters Towers during the early days of settlement. These lodges, reflecting the code of Freemasonry to promote the brotherhood of man, render practical aid to the less fortunate in your community, to encourage the practice of every moral and social virtue and to develop behaviour in everyday life which would reflect the teachings of the Freemasons organisation, were established by various national groups. Scottish, Irish and English Freemasons had all established lodges by 1896. These lodges, which were established mainly to offer support to miners and towns people during times of crises, also became centres of social activity.</p><br>
<p>The tradition of Freemasonry, begun in 1872, continues in the city today with five lodges operating from the Ryan Street building.</p><br>
<h2>Description</h2><br>
<p>The Masonic Temple, Charters Towers is a two-storeyed masonry and timber building with a hipped corrugated iron roof. Facing north, it addresses Ryan Street which runs parallel to, and one block from Gill Street, the main commercial street of Charters Towers.</p><br>
<p>The building is located centrally within the flat, grassed property of two allotments. Fronting the building is a garden of shrubs and hedges.</p><br>
<p>With the height, and long side facing the street, the building is prominent amongst its mainly single-storey residential neighbours. From the upper level, the commanding view extends over the nearby houses.</p><br>
<p>The building is rectangular in plan, on an east-west axis, with a rendered brick core and timber verandahs on three sides. The two end verandahs are enclosed. The open front verandah has timber posts, boarded valance and cast iron balustrade, frieze and brackets. Centred is a two-storeyed rendered masonry entry portico, with archways pediment and balustrade.</p><br>
<p>The exterior of the core is render scored as ashlar coursing. The end verandahs are timber framed, externally clad in chamferboard, which have been further clad in fibro sheet and metal siding. The gutters have acroteria, decorative rainwater heads and moulded soffit brackets.</p><br>
<p>The core of the ground floor is a single room meeting hall. It has a high (about 4.5m) boarded ceiling, and awning windows with sills at eye height. The pair of entry doors are six-panelled with an arched fanlight. The eastern end is enclosed as a kitchen. The western end has the timber stair. It features turned balusters and newels and moulded string. Added to the rear is a small single-storey toilet block clad in fibro sheet.</p><br>
<p>The upper level has a similar layout to the ground floor, and a similar high boarded ceiling with three fretted roses, panelled doors and double hung windows. At the western end, the panelled entry doors have a ceremonial knocker and peep-hole. The hall contains furniture specific to its use as a Masonic lodge, including black and white lino centrepiece, floor, pews, thrones, podium, certificates and decrees. The layout is in accordance with Masonic practice with the Grand Master to the east.</p><br>
<p>Between the western end of the temple and the boundary is a small single-storey caretaker&#39;s cottage clad in fibro sheet.</p><br>
<h2>Heritage listing</h2><br>
<p>Charters Towers Masonic Lodge was listed on the Queensland Heritage Register on 21 October 1992 having satisfied the following criteria.</p><br>
<p>The place is important in demonstrating the evolution or pattern of Queensland&apos;s history.</p><br>
<p>The Charters Towers Masonic Lodge demonstrates the spread of Freemasonry in regional Queensland.</p><br>
<p>The place is important in demonstrating the principal characteristics of a particular class of cultural places.</p><br>
<p>The two-storeyed building, comprising a large meeting hall on each level, is typical of the planform chosen for Masonic Lodges.</p><br>
<p>The place is important because of its aesthetic significance.</p><br>
<p>The Masonic Lodge exhibits aesthetic qualities valued by the community, in particular, it contributes to the streetscape as a prominent monumental building and is a symbol of the prosperity and importance of Charters Towers in the late nineteenth century.</p><br>
<p>The place has a strong or special association with a particular community or cultural group for social, cultural or spiritual reasons.</p><br>
<p>It has a long association with the Charters Towers community and reflects the important civic role of Masonic Lodges in the city.</p><br>
<p>The place has a special association with the life or work of a particular person, group or organisation of importance in Queensland&apos;s history.</p><br>
<p>It is significant as a place which has been in continuous use as a Masonic Centre since 1887 and the configuration of furniture and fittings has a strong association with Masonic ceremonies and the Masonic Lodge.</p><br>
<p>Mount Perry Masonic Lodge is a heritage-listed masonic temple at Isabella Street, Mount Perry, North Burnett Region, Queensland, Australia. It was built in 1904. It was added to the Queensland Heritage Register on 21 October 1992.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>The Masonic Hall at Mt Perry is a simple vernacular structure with an ornate classically inspired facade and was constructed around 1904 when Mt Perry was important as a copper mining town.</p><br>
<p>Freemasonry spread from New South Wales into Queensland in individual lodges. The first Freemason&#39;s lodge in Queensland was established in 1859, shortly before Separation from New South Wales. New lodges were formed as settlement spread.</p><br>
<p>The township of Mount Perry, about 100 kilometres west of Bundaberg, was established following the discovery of copper in the vicinity in 1869. The population of the township quickly grew and 20 hotels sprang up in Mount Perry in the early 1870s, reflecting the high proportion of men without families on the field. However, the copper mine ceased operations in October 1877 and was sold by liquidators in January 1878 on the expectation that it would not be re-opened until the railway was completed. This occurred in 1884, linking Mount Perry with Bundaberg. Mount Perry became the railhead for the Upper Burnett and a major centre; now having nine hotels including 6 newly built ones, a courthouse, hospital and a School of Arts. However, after a period of growth the town declined, until the mine closed in 1891 due to a fall in the price of copper. Matters in Mount Perry soon improved as the London-based Queensland Copper Company bought the mine in 1898, sparking a revival in the town, and by 1904 the population in the field was 2000.</p><br>
<p>In 1902 the Lee Bryce Lodge was consecrated and in 1904, Henry Yeoman, Robert McRae, George Hardlaw, Thomas Province and Robert Scott acquired the land on which the Masonic Hall was to be constructed on 17 June 1904. Yeoman was a cordial manufacturer; McRae a storekeeper, Hardlaw and Province were graziers and Scott the postmaster.</p><br>
<p>The fellowship associated with Freemasonry was particularly important to men living in areas of isolated or scattered settlement or in jobs that were itinerant or seasonal. Lodges hosted social events, contributed to local charities and provided opportunities for local businessmen to meet socially, all of which made an important contribution to the life the town.</p><br>
<p>By 1912 the peak demand for copper had passed and many mines closed. The mining venture at Mount Perry collapsed and the smelters closed in 1915 with a consequent dwindling of population. In the succeeding years many buildings were demolished or removed.</p><br>
<p>The Bryce Lodge No.142 of Ancient Free and Accepted Masons of Queensland and the United Grand Lodge of Queensland is still based on this hall.</p><br>
<h2>Description</h2><br>
<p>The Masonic Hall at Mt Perry is a single-storey, rectangular-plan timber building of exposed stud construction now clad with fibrous cement sheeting on the sides and rear. The building is at street level at the front and is raised on posts at the back as the ground falls away to the rear of the block. The gabled roof is concealed at the front by a parapet and the street elevation is classically inspired although carried out in timber. It has a full width pediment supported by corner Tuscan pilasters. Framed beneath are two double hung windows flanking a central entry porch with a pedimented roof and supported by freestanding Tuscan columns.</p><br>
<p>In a striking contrast, the side and rear walls are completely plain and clad in fibrous cement sheeting. There are three plain rectangular windows placed high on both sides of the building towards the rear.</p><br>
<h2>Heritage listing</h2><br>
<p>Masonic Lodge was listed on the Queensland Heritage Register on 21 October 1992 having satisfied the following criteria.</p><br>
<p>The place is important in demonstrating the evolution or pattern of Queensland&apos;s history.</p><br>
<p>The Masonic Hall is important in demonstrating the development of Mt Perry and the spread of Freemasonry through Queensland in the wake of European settlement.</p><br>
<p>The place is important in demonstrating the principal characteristics of a particular class of cultural places.</p><br>
<p>The Mt Perry hall is important as a characteristic and intact example of a regional timber Masonic Hall, a category of building prominent in the streetscape and important in the social life of many country towns.</p><br>
<p>The place is important because of its aesthetic significance.</p><br>
<p>The building exhibits aesthetic qualities valued by the community, in particular, it contributes to the streetscape and is an illustration of the prosperity of Mt Perry in the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries.</p><br>
<p>The place has a special association with the life or work of a particular person, group or organisation of importance in Queensland&apos;s history.</p><br>
<p>The Masonic Hall, Mt Perry, has a special association with those Freemasons living in and around Mt Perry and with the Freemasonry movement in Queensland.</p><br>
<p>Cairns Masonic Temple is a heritage-listed masonic temple at 8 Minnie Street, Cairns, Cairns Region, Queensland, Australia. It was built from 1934 to 1935. It was added to the Queensland Heritage Register on 28 August 1998.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>Completed in 1935, this two-storeyed concrete structure was the third building to be used as a Masonic Temple in Cairns.</p><br>
<p>The first recorded gathering of Freemasons in Cairns was held in December 1885, at Hides Hotel. The first Masonic Lodge in Cairns, Gregory Lodge No. 50 was constituted in April 1886. By the mid 1920s, there were six Lodges that met in Cairns, in a building in Lake Street. Prior to the destruction of this building by a cyclone in 1927, the Lodges moved to a building adjoining the site of the present Temple.</p><br>
<p>In 1921, at a meeting held in the Cairns Masonic Hall, it was resolved that the representatives of the Gregory Lodge would communicate with the Grand Lodge regarding the establishment of a District Grand Lodge (DGL) of Carpentaria, with headquarters at Cairns. The creation of the DGL of Carpentaria was approved by the Grand Lodge in December 1923, and was subsequently formed in 1924; the Carpentaria district spread from Cardwell to Cape York, and west to Normanton.</p><br>
<p>In 1928, it was recommended that the DGL erect a suitable memorial to the craftsman who sacrificed so much in World War I, and to the peace which followed. The following year, the DGL organised an appeal for individual donations towards the erection of the Memorial Temple. In 1934 it was decided to proceed with the erection of a Memorial Temple adjoining the present Hall at a cost not exceeding £12 000.</p><br>
<p>Tenders for the new Masonic Temple were called in August 1934. The architects for the buildings were the north Queensland firm of Hill and Taylor, who had offices in Townsville and Cairns. Richard Hill and Arthur Taylor established the firm of Hill and Taylor in Cairns in 1927, and in 1931, the firm took over the practice of CV Rees in Townsville. Both Hill and Taylor appear to have been masons.</p><br>
<p>The contractor for the building was CE Steadman, also a mason. The foundation stone of the building was laid on Armistice Day in 1934. Reports from the laying of the stone refer to the building as the Masonic Peace Memorial Temple, and the following description was given of the building:it would be a worthy and fitting monument of the union of Freemasonry and a fitting memorial and tribute to those who sacrificed so much in the Great War. When it was decided to have the foundation stone laid on Armistice Day, he believed that no more fitting day could have been chosen as it was a day symbolising peace and harmony which was an attribute of the CraftThe Temple was constructed during the large-scale interwar redevelopment of Cairns, in which the city centre was virtually rebuilt. The redevelopment was partly a consequence of severe cyclone damage suffered by the city in 1920 and 1927, and also of the developing role of Cairns as an important regional centre in Far North Queensland.</p><br>
<p>The dedication ceremony for the completed Temple was held in October 1935, and was performed by Sir Leslie Wilson, Governor of Queensland and Masonic Grand Master. The ceremony was a large occasion; attended by about 700 representatives of Lodges in Queensland.</p><br>
<p>A description of the building shortly before the dedication, referred to the imposing facade facing Minnie Street, and the North Queensland walnut and maple joinery. The attention given to the ventilation of the building was also important, and ducts from the external wall were brought through under a raised platform around the lodge room and the air exhausted by two big fans ensuring a continuous flow of fresh, cool air on even the most humid evenings.</p><br>
<p>A tablet to the memory of WHJ Mayers, the Foundation District Grand Master, was set into the base of the pillar at the left entrance to the temple and unveiled in March 1954.</p><br>
<p>The two large pillars at the entrance to the temple were destroyed/damaged by a cyclone in March 1956. There was considerable damage also to the windows and outbuildings of the temple. New columns are recorded as being completed in 1957, and in accordance with Masonic tradition, were formed hollow and a copy of all records subsequent to the laying of the foundation stone was placed inside one of the pillars.</p><br>
<h2>Description</h2><br>
<p>The Masonic temple, a two-storeyed concrete structure with a gable roof concealed behind a parapet wall, is located on the northern corner of Grafton Street with the main entry to Minnie Street to the southeast. The building is T-shaped in plan, with the main body of the building consisting of a minimally adorned box with high set steel framed windows. The gable entrance sits proud of the main section, and features a symmetrical facade composed of classical elements.</p><br>
<p>The entry consists of a flight of stairs to a recessed door with a cantilevered awning. The doorway is surmounted by a tall rendered arch flanked by a Corinthian column, supporting a large globe, to either side. Each column sits on a pedestal with a marble plaque. The rendered arch mouldings contain a large keystone and surround a circular window above a row of four small square windows. The parapet has a deep cornice above the words AD GLORIAM DEI, and is crowned with the masonic emblem of the carpenter&#39;s square and divider.</p><br>
<p>The building has high-level steel framed, multi-paned windows to each side and rear. Entrance doors area also located on either side and at the rear.</p><br>
<p>Internally, the building appears to consist of a large hall with a gallery, with staircases to the first floor at the front and rear.</p><br>
<p>The Minnie Street facade has an iron fence with concrete posts.</p><br>
<h2>Heritage listing</h2><br>
<p>Cairns Masonic Temple was listed on the Queensland Heritage Register on 28 August 1998 having satisfied the following criteria.</p><br>
<p>The place is important in demonstrating the evolution or pattern of Queensland&apos;s history.</p><br>
<p>The Masonic Temple was completed in 1935, since which time it has served as the headquarters for Freemasonry in far north Queensland. The Temple survives as an illustration of the development of Cairns as an important regional centre during the early twentieth century.</p><br>
<p>The place is important because of its aesthetic significance.</p><br>
<p>The Masonic Temple has an imposing idiosyncratic facade which makes a strong contribution to the Cairns townscape. The building&#39;s facade, scale and form ensures its status as a Cairns landmark.</p><br>
